TY - CONF AU - Wei, J. AU - Ao, H. AU - Arend, B. AU - Beher, S. AU - Bollen, G. AU - Bultman, N.K. AU - Casagrande, F. AU - Chang, W. AU - Choi, Y. AU - Cogan, S. AU - Compton, C. AU - Cortesi, M. AU - Curtin, J.C. AU - Davidson, K.D. AU - Du, X.J. AU - Elliott, K. AU - Ewert, B. AU - Facco, A. AU - Fila, A. AU - Fukushima, K. AU - Ganni, V. AU - Ganshyn, A. AU - Ginter, T.N. AU - Glasmacher, T. AU - Guo, J.-W. AU - Hao, Y. AU - Hartung, W. AU - Hasan, N.M. AU - Hausmann, M. AU - Holland, K. AU - Hosoyama, K. AU - Hseuh, H.-C. AU - Hurh, P. AU - Ikegami, M. AU - Jager, D.D. AU - Jones, S. AU - Joseph, N. AU - Kanemura, T. AU - Kelly, M.P. AU - Kim, S.H. AU - Knowles, C. AU - Konomi, T. AU - Kortum, B.R. AU - Kwan, E. AU - Lange, T. AU - Larmann, M. AU - Larter, T.L. AU - Laturkar, K. AU - Laxdal, R.E. AU - LeTourneau, J. AU - Li, Z. AU - Lidia, S.M. AU - Machicoane, G. AU - Magsig, C. AU - Manwiller, P.E. AU - Marti, F. AU - Maruta, T. AU - Metzgar, E.S. AU - Miller, S.J. AU - Momozaki, Y. AU - Morris, D.G. AU - Mugerian, M. AU - Nesterenko, I.N. AU - Nguyen, C. AU - Ostroumov, P.N. AU - Patil, M.S. AU - Plastun, A.S. AU - Popielarski, L. AU - Portillo, M. AU - Prestemon, S.O. AU - Priller, J. AU - Rao, X. AU - Reaume, M.A. AU - Saito, K. AU - Sherrill, B.M. AU - Smith, M.K. AU - Song, J. AU - Steiner, M. AU - Stolz, A. AU - Tarasov, O. AU - Tousignant, B.P. AU - Walker, R. AU - Wang, X. AU - Wenstrom, J.D. AU - West, G. AU - Wiseman, M. AU - Witgen, K. AU - Wright, M. AU - Xu, T. AU - Yamazaki, Y. AU - Zhang, T. AU - Zhao, Q. AU - Zhao, S. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - FRIB Transition to User Operations, Power Ramp Up, and Upgrade Perspectives J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - After project completion on scope, on cost, and ahead of schedule, the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams began operations for scientific users in May of 2022. During the first 12 months of user operations, the FRIB accelerator complex delivered 5250 beam hours, including 1528 hours to nine science experiments conducted with primary beams of 36Ar, 48Ca, 70Zn, 82Se, 124Xe, and 198Pt at beam energies >200 MeV/u; 2724 hours for beam developments, studies, and tuning; and 998 hours to industrial users and non-scientific programs using the FRIB Single Event Effect (FSEE) beam line. The ramp-up to a beam power of 400 kW is planned over a six-year period; 1 kW was delivered for initial user runs from in 2022, and 5 kW was delivered as of February 2023. Upgrade plans include doubling the primary-beam energy to 400 MeV/nucleon for enhanced discovery potential (¿FRIB 400¿). This talk reports on FRIB status and progress since SRF2021, emphasizing lessons learned during the transition from beam commissioning to machine operations, challenges and resolutions for the power ramp-up, progress with accelerator improvements, and R&D for the energy upgrade. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 1 EP - 8 KW - cavity KW - cryomodule KW - operation KW - linac KW - target DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOIAA01 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/moiaa01.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Stanek, R.P. AU - Boffo, C. AU - Chandrasekaran, S.K. AU - Dixon, S.J. AU - Harms, E.R. AU - Kokoska, L. AU - Kourbanis, I. AU - Leibfritz, J.R. AU - Napoly, O. AU - Passarelli, D. AU - Pozdeyev, E. AU - Rowe, A.M. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - PIP-II Project Overview and Status J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The Proton Improvement Plan II (PIP-II) project is an essential upgrade to Fermilab’s particle accelerator complex to enable the world’s most intense neutrino beam for LBNF/DUNE and a broad particle physics program for many decades to come. PIP-II will deliver 1.2 MW of proton beam power from the Main Injector, upgradeable to multi-MW capability. The central element of PIP-II is an 800 MeV superconducting radio frequency (SRF) linac, which comprises a room temperature front end followed by an SRF section. The SRF section consists of five different flavors of cavities/cryomodules, including Half Wave Resonators (HWR), Single Spoke and elliptical resonators operating at, or above, state-of-the-art parameters. The first two PIP-II cryomodules, Half Wave Resonator (HWR) and Single Spoke Resonator 1 (SSR1) were installed in the PIP-II Injector Test facility (PIP2IT) and have accelerated beam to above 17 MeV. PIP-II is the first U.S. accelerator project that will be constructed with significant contributions from international partners, including India, Italy, France, United Kingdom and Poland. The project was baselined in April 2022, and the construction phase is underway. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 19 EP - 24 KW - linac KW - cryomodule KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - controls DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOIXA02 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/moixa02.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Marconato, G. AU - Alesini, D. AU - Azzolini, O. AU - Braggio, C. AU - Caforio, R. AU - Chyhyrynets, E. AU - D’Agostino, D. AU - D’Elia, A. AU - Di Gioacchino, D. AU - Fonnesu, D. AU - Ford, D. AU - Gambardella, U. AU - Garcia, V.A. AU - Gatti, C. AU - Keppel, G. AU - Ligi, C. AU - Maccarrone, G. AU - Pira, C. AU - Posen, S. AU - Rettaroli, A. AU - Salmaso, A. AU - Stivanello, F. AU - Tocci, S. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - NbTi Thin Film SRF Cavities for Dark Matter Search J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The search for dark matter is now looking at ALPs (axion-like particles) as a very promising candidate to understand our universe. Within this framework, we explore the possibility to use NbTi thin film coatings on Cu resonating cavities to investigate the presence of axions in the range of 35-45 µeV mass by coupling the axion to a very strong magnetic field inside the cavity, causing its conversion to a photon which is subsequently detected. In this work the chemical treatments and DC magnetron sputtering details of the preparation of 9 GHz, 7 GHz, and 3.9 GHz resonant cavities and their quality factor measurements at different applied magnetic fields are presented. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 96 EP - 99 KW - cavity KW - target KW - SRF KW - photon KW - cryogenics DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB014 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb014.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - McGee, K.E. AU - Furuta, F. AU - Martinello, M. AU - Melnychuk, O.S. AU - Netepenko, A.V. AU - Wu, G. AU - Xie, Y. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Flux Expulsion Studies of Niobium Material of 650 MHz Cavities for PIP-II J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Two different vendors supplied the niobium sheet material for PIP-II 5-cell 650 MHz cavities, which was characterized by multiple different ASTM sizes. Cavities subsequently fabricated from these sheets were heat-treated at various temperatures, then the cavities’ flux-expulsion performance was measured. Where the initial measurements of vendor O materials showed that nearly all flux remained trapped despite a high thermal gradient, 900C heat treatment subsequently improved the flux expulsion to an acceptable rate. Understanding and characterizing vendor O materials in this way is key for upcoming and future projects planning to employ niobium sheet from this supplier. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 141 EP - 144 KW - cavity KW - niobium KW - simulation KW - factory KW - radio-frequency DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB024 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb024.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Pathak, A. AU - Pozdeyev, E. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Exploring the Dynamics of Transverse Inter-Planar Coupling in the Superconducting Section of the PIP-II Linac J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - This study investigates the crucial role that an accurate understanding of inter-planar coupling in the transverse plane plays in regulating charged particle dynamics in a high-intensity linear accelerator and minimizing foil/septum impacts during injection from the linac to a ring. We in-depth analyze the emergence and evolution of transverse inter-planar coupling through multiple active lattice elements, taking into account space charge and field nonlinearities in the superconducting section of the PIP-II linac. The article compares various analytical, numerical, and experimental techniques for measuring transverse coupling using beam and lattice matrices and provides insight into effective strategies for its mitigation prior to ring injectio PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 155 EP - 157 KW - coupling KW - space-charge KW - linac KW - lattice KW - quadrupole DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB029 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb029.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Wu, G. AU - Chandrasekaran, S.K. AU - Chouhan, V. AU - Eremeev, G.V. AU - Furuta, F. AU - McGee, K.E. AU - Murthy, A.A. AU - Netepenko, A.V. AU - Ozelis, J.P. AU - Park, H. AU - Posen, S. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Medium Temperature Furnace Baking of Low-beta 650 MHz Five-cell Cavities J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Medium Temperature baking of low beta 650 MHz cavities was conducted in a UHV furnace. A systematic study of cavity surface resistance components, residual and BCS, was conducted, including analyzing surface resistance due to trapped magnetic flux. Cavities showed an average 4.5 nano-ohm surface resistance at 17 MV/m under 2 K, which meets PIP-II specifications with a 40% margin. The results provided helpful information for the PIP-II project to optimize the cavity processing recipe for cryomodule application. The results were compared to the 1.3 GHz cavity that received a similar furnace baking. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 158 EP - 161 KW - cavity KW - niobium KW - radio-frequency KW - SRF KW - multipactoring DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB030 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb030.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Howard, K. AU - Bafia, D. AU - Grassellino, A. AU - Kim, Y.K. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - The Collaborative Effects of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Impurities in Low RRR SRF Cavities J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The SRF community has shown that introducing certain impurities into high-purity niobium can improve quality factors and accelerating gradients. We question why some impurities improve RF performance while others hinder it. The purpose of this study is to characterize the impurity profile of niobium coupons with a low residual resistance ratio (RRR) and correlate these impurities with the RF performance of low RRR cavities so that the mechanism of impurity-based improvements can be better understood and improved upon. The combination of RF testing and material analysis reveals a microscopic picture of why low RRR cavities experience low BCS resistance behavior more prominently than their high RRR counterparts. We performed surface treatments, low temperature baking and nitrogen-doping, on low RRR cavities to evaluate how the intentional addition of oxygen and nitrogen to the RF layer further improves performance through changes in the mean free path and impurity profile. The results of this study have the potential to unlock a new understanding on SRF materials and enable the next generation of high Q/high gradient surface treatments. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 162 EP - 166 KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - niobium KW - radio-frequency KW - accelerating-gradient DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB032 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb032.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Howard, K. AU - Bafia, D. AU - Grassellino, A. AU - Kim, Y.K. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Exploration of Parameters that Affect High Field Q-Slope J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The onset of high field Q-slope (HFQS) around 25 MV/m prevents cavities in electropolished (EP) condition from reaching high quality factors at high gradients due to the precipitation of niobium hydrides during cooldown. These hydrides are non-superconducting at 2 K, and contribute to losses such as Q disease and HFQS. We are interested in exploring the parameters that affect the behavior of HFQS. We study a high RRR cavity that received an 800 C by 3 hour bake and EP treatment to observe HFQS. First, we explore the effect of trapped magnetic flux. The cavity is tested after cooling slowly through Tc while applying various levels of ambient field. We observe the onset of the HFQS and correlate this behavior with the amount of trapped flux. Next, we investigate the effect of the size/concentration of hydrides. The cavity is tested after holding the temperature at 100 K for 12 hours during the cooldown to promote the growth of hydrides. We can correlate the behavior of the HFQS with the increased hydride concentration. Our results will help further the understanding of the mechanism of HFQS. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 178 EP - 182 KW - cavity KW - niobium KW - accelerating-gradient KW - SRF KW - radio-frequency DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB037 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb037.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Hu, H. AU - Bafia, D. AU - Kim, Y.K. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Comparing the Effectiveness of Low Temperature Bake in EP and BCP Cavities J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Electropolishing (EP) and buffered chemical polishing (BCP) are conventional surface preparation techniques for superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavities. Both EP and BCP treated SRF cavities display high field Q-slope (HFQS) which degrades performance at high gradients. While high gradient performance in EP cavities can be improved by introducing oxygen via a low temperature bake (LTB) of 120^{°}C by 48 hours, LTB does not consistently remove HFQS in BCP cavities. There is no consensus as to why LTB is not effective on BCP prepared cavities. We examine quench in EP, BCP, EP+LTB, and BCP+LTB treated 1.3 GHz single-cell Nb cavities by studying the heating behavior with field using a temperature mapping system. Cavity performance is correlated to characterizations of surface impurity profile obtained via time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry studies. We observe a difference in near surface hydrogen concentration following BCP compared to EP that may suggest that the causes of quench in EP and BCP cavities are different. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 187 EP - 190 KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - niobium KW - radio-frequency KW - factory DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB040 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb040.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Kulyavtsev, P.A. AU - Eremeev, G.V. AU - Posen, S. AU - Tennis, B. AU - Zasadzinski, J. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Commissioning of Dedicated Furnace for Nb₃Sn Coatings of 2.6 GHz Single Cell Cavities J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - We present the results of commissioning a dedicated furnace for Nb₃Sn coatings of 2.6GHz single cell cavities. Nb₃Sn is a desired coating due to its high critical temperature and smaller surface resistance compared to bulk Nb. Usage of Nb₃Sn coated cavities will greatly reduce operating costs due to its higher operating temperature providing decreased cooling costs. Tin is deposited in the bulk Nb cavity by use of a tin chloride nucleation agent and tin vapor diffusion. Analysis of the resultant coating was performed using SEM/EDS to verify successful formation of desired Nb:Sn phase. Witness samples located in line of sight of the source were analyzed in order to understand the coating efficacy. The cavity’s performance was assessed in the Vertical Test Stand (VTS) at Fermilab. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 216 EP - 218 KW - cavity KW - niobium KW - SRF KW - MMI KW - factory DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB047 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb047.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Cravatta, A.T. AU - Aderhold, S. AU - Arkan, T.T. AU - Bafia, D. AU - Checchin, M. AU - Drury, M.A. AU - Gonnella, D. AU - Hogan, J. AU - Kaluzny, J.A. AU - Maniscalco, J.T. AU - Nelson, J. AU - Porter, R.D. AU - Posen, S. AU - Vennekate, H. AU - Zacarias, L.M. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Multipacting Processing in Cryomodules for LCLS-II and LCLS-II-HE J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Multipacting (MP) is a phenomenon which can affect stability in particle accelerators and limit performance in superconducting radio frequency cavities. In the TESLA shaped, 1.3 GHz, 9-cell cavities used in the LCLS-II (L2) and LCLS-II-HE (HE) projects, the MP-band (~17-24 MV/m) lies within the required accelerating gradients. For HE, the operating gradient of 20.8 MV/m lies well within the MP-band and cryomodule testing has confirmed that this is an issue. As such, MP processing for the HE cryomodule test program will be discussed. Early results on MP processing in cryomodules installed in the L2 linac will also be presented, demonstrating that the methods used in cryomodule acceptance testing are also successful at conditioning MP in the accelerator and that this processing is preserved in the mid-term. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 259 EP - 262 KW - cavity KW - cryomodule KW - linac KW - radiation KW - multipactoring DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB063 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb063.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Narug, C.S. AU - Arkan, T.T. AU - Cheban, S. AU - Chen, M. AU - Hartsell, B.D. AU - Kaluzny, J.A. AU - Kashikhin, V.S. AU - Orlov, Y.M. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Design Status of BCC Cryomodule for LCLS-II HE J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - A Buncher or Capture Cavity (BCC) Cryomodule is currently in development at Fermilab for use in a second injector for LCLS-II-HE. The BCC Cryomodule is designed to contain one 1.3 GHz cavity and one solenoid magnet as part of a 100MeV low emittance injector. The design considerations for the Cryomodule are similar to the LCLS-II cryomodule with additional requirements to account for additional vacuum loading at the end of this vessel due to the termination of the insulating vacuum. To accomplish this design, the cryomodule is being developed using the experience gained during the development of the LCLS-II cryomodule. The design, analysis, and status of the Cryomodule will be discussed. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 263 EP - 266 KW - cryomodule KW - cavity KW - simulation KW - solenoid KW - cryogenics DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB065 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb065.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Maniscalco, J.T. AU - Aderhold, S. AU - Arkan, T.T. AU - Bafia, D. AU - Bevins, M.E. AU - Checchin, M. AU - Cravatta, A.T. AU - Gonnella, D. AU - Grabowski, A.J. AU - Hogan, J. AU - Kaluzny, J.A. AU - Porter, R.D. AU - Posen, S. AU - Reece, C.E. AU - Vennekate, H. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - LCLS-II-HE Cavity Qualification Testing J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Acceptance testing of the LCLS-II-HE production cavities is approximately 65% complete. In this report, we present details of the test results, including summaries of the quench fields, intrinsic quality factors, and experience with field emission. We also offer an outlook on the remaining tests to be performed. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 279 EP - 281 KW - cavity KW - cryomodule KW - radiation KW - SRF KW - accelerating-gradient DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB072 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb072.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Porter, R.D. AU - Aderhold, S. AU - Alsberg, L.E. AU - Cravatta, A.T. AU - Drury, M.A. AU - Gaitan, G. AU - Gonnella, D. AU - Holzbauer, J.P. AU - McCaughan, M.D. AU - Nelson, J. AU - Neveu, N.R. AU - Posen, S. AU - Stilin, N.A. AU - Wilson, C.M. AU - Zacarias, L.M. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Microphonics in the LCLS-II Superconducting Linac J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The LCLS-II project has installed a new superconducting linac at SLAC that consists of 35 1.3 GHz cryomodules and 2 3.9 GHz cryomodules. The linac will provide a 4 GeV electron beam for generating soft and hard X-ray pulses. Cavity detuning induced by microphonics was a significant design challenge for the LCLS-II cryomodules. Cryomodules were produced that were within the detuning specification (10 Hz for 1.3 GHz cryomodules) on test stands. Here we present first measurements of the microphonics in the installed LCLS-II superconducting linac. Overall, the microphonics in the linac are manageable with 94% of cavities coming within the detune specification. Only two cavities are gradient limited due to microphonics. We identify a leaking cool down valve as the source of microphonics limiting those two cavities. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 302 EP - 305 KW - cryomodule KW - cavity KW - linac KW - operation KW - vacuum DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB081 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb081.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Zacarias, L.M. AU - Aderhold, S. AU - Cravatta, A.T. AU - Drury, M.A. AU - Gonnella, D. AU - Holzbauer, J.P. AU - Maniscalco, J.T. AU - McCaughan, M.D. AU - Nelson, J. AU - Porter, R.D. AU - Posen, S. AU - Wilson, C.M. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Measuring Q₀ in LCLS-II Cryomodules Using Helium Liquid Level J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The nitrogen-doped cavities used in the Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II) cryomodules have shown an unprecedented high Q₀ in vertical and cryomodule testing compared with cavities prepared with standard methods. While demonstration of high Q₀ in the test stand has been achieved, maintaining that performance in the linac is critical to the success of LCLS-II and future accelerator projects. The LCLS-II cryomodules required a novel method of measuring Q₀, due to hardware incompatibilities with existing procedures. Initially developed at Jefferson Lab during cryomodule acceptance testing before being used in the tunnel at SLAC, we use helium liquid level data to estimate the heat generated by cavities. We first establish the relationship between the rate of helium evaporation from known heat loads using electric heaters, and then use that relationship to determine heat from an RF load. Here we present the full procedure along with the development process, lessons learned, and reproducibility while demonstrating for the first time that world record Q₀ can be maintained within the real accelerator environment. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 327 EP - 331 KW - cavity KW - cryomodule KW - linac KW - MMI KW - SRF DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-MOPMB090 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/mopmb090.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Petersen, T.B. AU - Chen, G. AU - Eremeev, G.V. AU - Guilfoyle, B.M. AU - Kedzie, M. AU - Kelly, M.P. AU - Posen, S. AU - Reid, T. AU - Tennis, B. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Demonstration of Niobium Tin in 218 MHz Low-Beta Quarter Wave Accelerator Cavity J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - A 218 MHz quarter wave niobium cavity has been fabricated for the purpose of demonstrating Nb₃Sn technology on a low-beta accelerator cavity. Niobium-tin has been established as a promising next generation SRF material, but development has focused primarily in high-beta elliptical cell cavities. This material has a significantly higher TC than niobium, allowing for design of higher frequency quarter wave cavities (that are subsequently smaller) as well as for significantly lowered cooling requirements (possibly leading to cryocooler based de-signs). The fabrication, initial cold testing, and Nb₃Sn coating are discussed as well as test plans and details of future applications. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 388 EP - 392 KW - cavity KW - niobium KW - multipactoring KW - SRF KW - vacuum DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB001 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb001.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Eremeev, G.V. AU - Cheban, S. AU - Fischer, J.F. AU - Forehand, D. AU - Posen, S. AU - Pudasaini, U. AU - Reilly, A.V. AU - Rimmer, R.A. AU - Tennis, B. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Preservation of the High Quality Factor and Accelerating Gradient of Nb₃Sn-Coated Cavity During Pair Assembly J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Two CEBAF 5-cell accelerator cavities have been coated with Nb₃Sn film using the vapor diffusion technique. One cavity was coated in the Jefferson Lab Nb₃Sn cavity coating system, and the other in the Fermilab Nb₃Sn coating system. Both cavities were measured at 4 K and 2 K in the vertical dewar test in each lab and then assembled into a cavity pair at Jefferson Lab. Previous attempts to assemble Nb₃Sn cavities into a cavity pair degraded the superconducting properties of Nb₃Sn-coated cavities. This contribution discusses the efforts to identify and mitigate the pair assembly challenges and will present the results of the vertical tests before and after pair assembly. Notably, one of the cavities reached the highest gradient above 80 mT in the vertical test after the pair assembly. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 405 EP - 409 KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - accelerating-gradient KW - cryomodule KW - niobium DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB010 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb010.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Shakel, M.S. AU - Elsayed-Ali, H. AU - Eremeev, G.V. AU - Pudasaini, U. AU - Valente-Feliciano, A-M. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - First Results from Nb₃Sn Coatings of 2.6 GHz Nb SRF Cavities Using DC Cylindrical Magnetron Sputtering System J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - A DC cylindrical magnetron sputtering system has been commissioned and operated to deposit Nb₃Sn onto 2.6 GHz Nb SRF cavities. After optimizing the deposition conditions in a mock-up cavity, Nb-Sn films are deposited first on flat samples by multilayer sequential sputtering of Nb and Sn, and later annealed at 950 °C for 3 hours. X-ray diffraction of the films showed multiple peaks for the Nb₃Sn phase and Nb (substrate). No peaks from any Nb-Sn compound other than Nb₃Sn were detected. Later three 2.6 GHz Nb SRF cavities are coated with ~1 µm thick Nb₃Sn. The first Nb₃Sn coated cavity reached close to E_{acc} = 8 MV/m, demonstrating a quality factor Q₀ of 3.2 × 10⁸ at Tbath = 4.4 K and E_{acc} = 5 MV/m, about a factor of three higher than that of Nb at this temperature. Q₀ was close to 1.1 × 10⁹, dominated by the residual resistance, at 2 K and E_{acc} = 5 MV/m. The Nb₃Sn coated cavities demonstrated Tc in the range of 17.9 ¿ 18 K. Here we present the commissioning experience, system optimization, and the first results from the Nb₃Sn fabrication on flat samples and SRF cavities. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 429 EP - 432 KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - site KW - vacuum KW - MMI DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB019 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb019.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Tiskumara, J.K. AU - Delayen, J.R. AU - Eremeev, G.V. AU - Pudasaini, U. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Surface Properties and RF Performance of Vapor Diffused Nb₃Sn on Nb after Sequential Anneals below 1000 °C J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Nb₃Sn is a next-generation superconducting material that can be used for future superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) accelerator cavities, promising better performance, cost reduction, and higher operating temperature than Nb. The Sn vapor diffusion method is currently the most preferred and successful technique to coat niobium cavities with Nb₃Sn. Among post-coating treatments to optimize the coating quality, higher temperature annealing without Sn is known to degrade Nb₃Sn because of Sn loss. We have investigated Nb₃Sn/Nb samples briefly annealed at 800-1000 °C, for 10 and 20 minutes to potentially improve the surface to enhance the performance of Nb₃Sn-coated cavities. Following the sample studies, a coated single-cell cavity was sequentially annealed at 900 °C and tested its performance each time, improving the cavity’s quality factor relatively. This paper summarizes the sample studies and discusses the RF test results from sequentially annealed SRF Nb₃Sn/Nb cavity. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 433 EP - 437 KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - ECR KW - electron KW - experiment DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB020 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb020.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Shemelin, V.D. AU - Yakovlev, V.P. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Equidistant Optimization of Elliptical SRF Standing Wave Cavities J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - A record accelerating rate was achieved earlier in standing wave (SW) SRF cavities when their shape was optimized for lower peak surface magnetic field. In view of new materials with higher limiting magnetic fields, expected for SRF cavities, in the first line Nb₃Sn, the approach to optimization of cavity shape should be revised. A method of equidistant optimization, offered earlier for traveling wave cavities is applied to SW cavities. It is shown here that without limitation by magnetic field, the maximal accelerating rate is defined to a significant degree by the cavity shape. For example, for a cavity with the aperture radius Ra = 35 mm the minimal ratio of the peak surface electric field to the accelerating rate is about Epk/E_{acc} = 1.54. So, with the maximal surface field experimentally achieved E_{p}k ¿ 125 MV/m, the maximal achievable accelerating rate is about 80 MeV/m even if there are no restrictions by the magnetic field. Another opportunity ¿ optimization for a low magnetic field, is opening for the same material, Nb₃Sn, with the purpose to have a high quality factor and increased accelerating rate that can be used for industrial linacs. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 480 EP - 484 KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - ECR KW - linac KW - acceleration DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB036 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb036.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Chouhan, V. AU - Bice, D.J. AU - Burk, D.A. AU - Ng, M.K. AU - Wu, G. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Visual, Optical and Replica Inspections: Surface Preparation of 650 MHz Nb Cavity for PIP-II Linac J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Surface preparation of niobium superconducting RF cavities is a critical step for achieving good RF performance under the superconducting state. Surface defect, roughness, and contamination affect the accelerating gradient and quality factor of the cavities. We report surface inspection methods used to control the surface processing of 650 MHz cavities that will be used in the pre-production cryomodule for PIP-II linac. The cavity surface was routinely inspected visually, with an optical camera, and by microscopic scanning of surface replicas. This article covers details on the surface inspection methods and surface polishing process used to repair the surface. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 507 EP - 511 KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - linac KW - niobium KW - embedded DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB041 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb041.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Chouhan, V. AU - Bice, D.J. AU - Burk, D.A. AU - Chandrasekaran, S.K. AU - Cravatta, A.T. AU - Dubiel, P.F. AU - Eremeev, G.V. AU - Furuta, F. AU - Guilfoyle, B.M. AU - Kelly, M.P. AU - Melnychuk, O.S. AU - Netepenko, A.V. AU - Ng, M.K. AU - Ozelis, J.P. AU - Park, H. AU - Reid, T. AU - Ring, T.J. AU - Wu, G. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Latest Development of Electropolishing Optimization for 650 MHz Cavity J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Electropolishing (EP) of 1.3 GHz niobium (Nb) superconducting RF cavities is conducted to achieve a desired smooth and contaminant-free surface that yields good RF performance. Achieving a smooth surface of a large-sized elliptical cavity with the standard EP conditions was found to be challenging. This work aimed to conduct a systematic parametric EP study to understand the effects of various EP parameters on the surface of 650 MHz cavities used in PIP-II linac. Parameters optimized in this study provided a smooth surface of the cavities. The electropolished cavities met the baseline requirement of field gradient and qualified for further surface treatment to improve the cavity quality factor. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 512 EP - 516 KW - cavity KW - cathode KW - SRF KW - niobium KW - polarization DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB042 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb042.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Furuta, F. AU - Avrakhov, P.V. AU - Khabiboulline, T.N. AU - Kostin, R.A. AU - McGee, K.E. AU - Yakovlev, V.P. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Development of 3-Cell Traveling Wave SRF Cavity J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Traveling wave SRF cavity is a new technology and requires a multi-stage process for development. Concep-tual designs have been proposed to adopt TW resonance in an SRF cavity The early stages of developments have been funded by several SBIR grants to Euclid Techlabs which were completed in collaboration with Fermilab. A 3-cell proof-of-principle TW cavity was fabricated as part of that and demonstrated the TW resonance excita-tion at room temperature. A TW resonance control tuner for the 3-cell was also fabricated and the preliminary tests were performed. Now, the 3-cell cavity is being processed and prepared for the first cryogenic testing. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 517 EP - 520 KW - cavity KW - resonance KW - SRF KW - cryogenics KW - GUI DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB043 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb043.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Lunin, A. AU - Belomestnykh, S.A. AU - Gonin, I.V. AU - Khabiboulline, T.N. AU - Orlov, Y.M. AU - Poloubotko, V. AU - Yakovlev, V.P. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Compact Multicell Superconducting Crab Cavity for ILC J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - We propose a novel design of a deflecting cavity for the ILC project with low parasitic HOM losses and preserving the beam emittance, which is critical for operation with high beam current intensity. Multiple electrodes immersed in the hollow waveguide form a trapped-mode resonator. The transverse components of the electromagnetic field of the trapped dipole mode induce a transverse kick and efficiently deflect charged particles passing through the cavity. We present a scalable design of a superconducting Quasi-waveguide Multicell Resonator (QMiR) seamlessly connected with a beam vacuum chamber. The cavity is completely open at both ends, which significantly reduces the maximum loaded quality factor of the higher order modes (HOM), avoids complex HOM couplers and thus simplifies the mechanical design of the cavity. The same port is used to feed RF power to the operating mode and to extract the same order modes (SOM). Finally, we estimate the expected cryogenic losses, HOM impedance limits, RF input power required, and frequency tuning for a QMiR cavity designed to operate at 2.6 GHz. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 521 EP - 525 KW - cavity KW - HOM KW - impedance KW - dipole KW - SRF DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB044 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb044.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Parise, M. AU - Berrutti, P. AU - Duchesne, P. AU - Longuevergne, D. AU - Passarelli, D. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - PIP-II SSR2 Cavities Fabrication and Processing Experience J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The Proton Improvement Plan-II (PIP-II) linac will include 35 Single Spoke Resonators type 2 (SSR2). A pre-production SSR2 cryomodule will contain 5 jacketed cavities. Several units are already manufactured and prepared for cold testing. In this work, data collected from the fabrication, processing and preparation of the cavities will be presented and the improvements implemented after the completion of the first unit will be highlighted. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 526 EP - 530 KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - niobium KW - linac KW - target DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB045 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb045.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Ristori, L. AU - Berrutti, P. AU - Castilla, A. AU - De Silva, S.U. AU - Delayen, J.R. AU - Huque, N.A. AU - Li, Z. AU - Narduzzi, M. AU - Ratti, A. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Development and Performance of RFD Crab Cavity Prototypes for HL-LHC AUP J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The US will be contributing to the HL-LHC upgrade at CERN with the fabrication and qualification of RFD crabbing cavities in the framework of the HL-LHC Accelerator Upgrade Project (AUP) managed by Fermilab. AUP received Critical Decision 3 (CD-3) approval by DOE in December 2020 launching the project into the production phase. The electro-magnetic design of the cavity was inherited from the LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) but needed to be revised to meet new project requirements and to prevent issues encountered during beam tests performed at CERN in the R&D phase. Two prototype cavities were manufactured in industry and cold tested. Challenges specific to the RFD cavity were the stringent interface tolerances, the pole symmetry and the higher-order-mode impedance spectrum. Chemical processing and heat treatments were performed initially at FNAL/ANL and are now being transferred to industry for the production phase. HOM dampers are manufactured and validated by JLAB. A summary of cold test results with and without HOM dampers is presented. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 531 EP - 535 KW - cavity KW - HOM KW - impedance KW - niobium KW - higher-order-mode DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB046 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb046.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Wu, G. AU - Adams, S.D. AU - Bice, D.J. AU - Chandrasekaran, S.K. AU - Gonin, I.V. AU - Grimm, C.J. AU - Holzbauer, J.P. AU - Khabiboulline, T.N. AU - McGee, K.E. AU - Narug, C.S. AU - Ozelis, J.P. AU - Park, H. AU - Romanov, G.V. AU - Thiede, R. AU - Treece, R. AU - Wixson, A.D. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - The Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of LB650 Cavities J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The 650 MHz cavities have a stronger requirement of niobium mechanical properties because of the geometric shape of the cavity due to reduced beta. The mechanical property of the niobium half-cell was measured following various heat treatments. The 5-cell cavities were tested in a controlled drop test fashion and the real-world road test. The result showed that the 900C heat treatment was compatible with cavity handling and transportation during production. The test provides the bases of the transportation specification and shipping container design guidelines. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 536 EP - 539 KW - cavity KW - controls KW - cryomodule KW - niobium KW - SRF DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB047 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb047.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - De Silva, S.U. AU - Delayen, J.R. AU - Park, H. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Fabrication and Testing of a Prototype RF-Dipole Crabbing Cavity J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Crabbing cavities are essential in particle colliders to compensate the luminosity degradation due to beam collision at a crossing angle. The 952.6 MHz 2-cell rf-dipole crabbing cavity system was proposed for the Jef-ferson Lab Electron-Ion Collider to restore the head-on collisions of electron and proton bunches at the interac-tion point. A prototype cavity was designed and devel-oped to demonstrate the performance of multi-cell rf-dipole structures. This paper presents the fabrication pro-cess and cold test results of the first 2-cell rf-dipole proto-type cavity. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 573 EP - 577 KW - cavity KW - dipole KW - collider KW - electron KW - multipactoring DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB066 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/tuptb066.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Gallifa Terricabras, A. AU - Aviles Santillana, I. AU - Barrière, S. AU - Cano-Pleite, E. AU - Garlasché, M. AU - Narduzzi, M. AU - Pfeiffer, S. AU - Prever-Loiri, L. AU - Swieszek, J.S. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Optimizing the Manufacture of High-Purity Niobium SRF Cavities Using the Forming Limit Diagram: A Case Study of the HL-LHC Crab Cavities RFD Pole J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The Crab Cavities are key components of the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) project at CERN, which aims to increase the integrated luminosity of the LHC, the world’s largest particle accelerator, by a factor of ten. This paper explores the application of the Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) to enhance the manufacturing process of complex-shape Nb-based cavities, with a focus on the formability challenges experienced with the pole of the Radio Frequency Dipole (RFD) Crab Cavities. The study includes the material characterization of ultra-high-purity niobium (Nb RRR300) sheets, namely mechanical tests and microstructural analysis; it also contains large-deformation Finite Element simulations of the pole deep drawing process, and the translation of the resulting strains in a FLD diagram, together with several suggestions on how to improve the manufacturing process of such deep drawn parts. The results of this study can provide valuable insights into improving the design and fabrication of complex-shaped superconducting radio-frequency cavities made by large-deformation metal-sheet forming processes. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 627 EP - 633 KW - cavity KW - simulation KW - niobium KW - SRF KW - luminosity DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEIXA03 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/weixa03.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Chouhan, V. AU - Ring, T.J. AU - Viklund, E.A.S. AU - Wu, G. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Electropolishing Study on Nitrogen-Doped Niobium Surface J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The nitrogen doping (N-doping) process is applied to niobium (Nb) superconducting cavities to enhance their quality factors. The N-doping is followed by an electropolishing process that provides the final surface of the cavities. A controlled EP process is necessary to get the benefit of N-doping and achieve a high accelerating gradient. We have performed electropolishing of N-doped Nb surface under various conditions to understand their impact on the surface. A modified EP process was developed to obtain a smooth pit-free surface. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 641 EP - 645 KW - cavity KW - niobium KW - SRF KW - cathode KW - radio-frequency DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEIXA05 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/weixa05.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Longuevergne, D. AU - Berrutti, P. AU - Bippus, N. AU - Duchesne, P. AU - Gandolfo, N. AU - Helsper, J. AU - Kazakov, S. AU - Le Dréan, D. AU - Mavilla, G. AU - Parise, M. AU - Passarelli, D. AU - Pépin-Donat, T. AU - Roset, S. AU - Solyak, N. AU - Sukhanov, A.I. AU - Vogt, L.M. AU - Wallon, S. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Contribution of IN2P3 to PIP-II Project: Plans and Progress J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - IJCLab is one of the labs of IN2P3 (National institute of nuclear and particle physics), one of the ten research institutes composing the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS). Since 2018, IJCLab has been involved in the PIP-II project, assisting with the design, development, and qualification of accelerator components for the SSR2 (Single Spoke Resonator type 2) section of the superconducting linac. The first pre-production components (cavity, coupler, and tuner) have been fabricated, and some of the first qualification tests have been performed at IJCLab. This paper will summarize the complete scope of IJCLab¿s contributions to PIP-II and give updates on the performances of the first pre-production components. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 714 EP - 717 KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - linac KW - vacuum KW - status DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB058 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb058.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Cubizolles, R. AU - Bazin, N. AU - Berry, S. AU - Chandrasekaran, S.K. AU - Drant, J. AU - Garin, P. AU - Ladegaillerie, S. AU - Moreau, A. AU - Napoly, O. AU - Raut, A. AU - Roger, V. AU - Simon, C. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Final Design of the LB650 Cryomodule for the PIP-II Linear Accelerator J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The Proton Improvement Plan II (PIP-II) that will be installed at Fermilab is the first U.S. accelerator project that will have significant contributions from international partners. CEA joined the international collaboration in 2018, and its scope covers the supply of the 650 MHz low-beta cryomodule section, with the design of the cryostat (i.e the cryomodule without the cavities, the power couplers and the frequency tuning systems) and the manufacturing of its components, the assembly and tests of the pre-production cryomodule and 9 production modules. An important milestone was reached in April 2023 with the Final Design Review. This paper presents the detailed design of the 650 MHz low-beta cryomodules. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 721 EP - 726 KW - cryomodule KW - cavity KW - vacuum KW - interface KW - simulation DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB063 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb063.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Bernardini, J. AU - Chen, M. AU - Helsper, J. AU - Kramp, M. AU - Lewis, F.L. AU - Neri, P. AU - Nicol, T.H. AU - Parise, M. AU - Passarelli, D. AU - Roger, V. AU - Romanov, G.V. AU - Squires, B. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Final Design of the Production SSR1 Cryomodule for PIP-II Project at Fermilab J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - This contribution reports the design of the production Single Spoke Resonator Type 1 Cryomodule (SSR1 CM) for the PIP-II project at Fermilab. The innovative design is based on a structure, the strongback, which supports the coldmass from the bottom, stays at room temperature during operations, and can slide longitudinally with respect to the vacuum vessel. The Fermilab style cryomodule developed for the prototype Single Spoke Resonator Type 1 (pSSR1), the prototype High Beta 650 MHz (pHB650), and preproduction Single Spoke Resonator Type 2 (ppSSR2) cryomodules is the baseline of the present design. The focus of this contribution is on the results of calculations and finite element analyses performed to optimize the critical components of the cryomodule: vacuum vessel, strongback, thermal shield, and magnetic shield. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 736 EP - 740 KW - vacuum KW - cryomodule KW - cavity KW - alignment KW - solenoid DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB066 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb066.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Roger, V. AU - Chandrasekaran, S.K. AU - Grimm, C.J. AU - Holzbauer, J.P. AU - Napoly, O. AU - Ozelis, J.P. AU - Passarelli, D. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - HB650 Cryomodule Design: From Prototype to Production J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - In early 2023 the assembly of the prototype HB650 cryomodule (pHB650 CM) was completed and cold tests started to evaluate its performance. The lessons learned from the design, assembly and preliminary cold tests of this cryomodule, and from the design of the SSR2 pre-production cryomodule played a fundamental role during the design optimization process of the production HB650 cryomodule (HB650 CM). Several workshops have been organized to share experiences and solve problems. This paper presents the main design changes from pHB650 to the HB650 production cryomodules and their impact on the heat loads. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 741 EP - 745 KW - cryomodule KW - cavity KW - radiation KW - SRF KW - vacuum DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB067 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb067.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Bernardini, J. AU - Parise, M. AU - Passarelli, D. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Characterization of Additive Manufacturing Materials for String Assembly in Cleanroom J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Beamline components, such as superconducting radio frequency cavities and focusing lenses, need to be assembled together in a string while in a cleanroom environment. The present contribution identifies and characterizes materials for additive manufacturing that can be used in a cleanroom. The well known advantages of additive manufacturing processes would highly benefit the design and development of tooling needed for the mechanical support and alignment of string components. Cleanliness, mechanical properties, and leak tightness of the chosen materials are the main focus of this contribution, which also paves the way for the integration of such materials in cryomodule assemblies. Results reported here were obtained in the framework of the PIP-II project at Fermilab. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 746 EP - 749 KW - cryomodule KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - linac KW - detector DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB068 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb068.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Holzbauer, J.P. AU - Chandrasekaran, S.K. AU - Grimm, C.J. AU - Kane, M.T.W. AU - Ozelis, J.P. AU - Thiede, R. AU - Wixson, A.D. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Test Shipment of the PIP-II 650 MHz Transport Frame Between FNAL to STFC-UKRI J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The PIP-II Project will receive fully assembled cryomodules from CEA and STFC-UKRI as in-kind contributions. Damage to these cryomodules during transport is understood to be a significant risk to the project, so an extensive testing and validation program is in process to mitigate this risk. The centerpiece of this effort is the eventual shipment from FNAL to STFC-UKRI and back of a prototype HB650 cryomodule with cold testing before and after shipment to verify no functionality changes from shipment. Most recently, a test shipment to the UK and back using a cryomodule analog was completed using realistic logistics, handling, instrumentation, and planning. The process of executing this test shipment, lessons learned, and plan moving forward will be presented here. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 750 EP - 754 KW - cryomodule KW - ISOL KW - linac KW - SRF KW - acceleration DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB070 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb070.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Coladonato, G. AU - Passarelli, D. AU - Roger, V. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Prototype HB650 Cryomodule Heat Loads Simulations J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - During the design stages of the PIP-II cryomodules, many analytical calculations and FEA have been performed on simpler geometry in order to estimate the heat loads and also to optimize the design. To better analyze the cryomodule cold tests, simulations have been performed with MATLAB to determine the temperature of the main components during cool down and to determine the heat loads of the cryomodule. These simulations have been applied to the High Beta 650 MHz prototype cryomodule design and compared to the cold tests performed on it. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 755 EP - 759 KW - cryomodule KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - experiment KW - cryogenics DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB073 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb073.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Passarelli, D. AU - Bernardini, J. AU - Boffo, C. AU - Chandrasekaran, S.K. AU - Hogberg, A.H. AU - Khabiboulline, T.N. AU - Ozelis, J.P. AU - Parise, M. AU - Roger, V. AU - Romanov, G.V. AU - Sukhanov, A.I. AU - Wu, G. AU - Xie, Y. AU - Yakovlev, V.P. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Impact of Solenoid Induced Residual Magnetic Fields on the Prototype SSR1 CM Performance J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - A prototype cryomodule containing eight Single Spoke Resonators type-1 (SSR1) operating at 325 MHz and four superconducting focusing lenses was successfully assembled, cold tested, and accelerated beam in the framework of the PIP-II project at Fermilab. The impact of induced residual magnetic fields from the solenoids on performance of cavities is presented in this contribution. In addition, design optimizations for the production cryomodules as a result of this impact are highlighted. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 760 EP - 764 KW - cavity KW - cryomodule KW - focusing KW - SRF KW - solenoid DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB075 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb075.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Ring, T.J. AU - Quinlan, M.B. AU - Wu, G. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Low Particulates Nitrogen Purge and Backfill during Prototype HB650 Cryomodule String Assembly J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - A low particulate vacuum and purging system was developed to support PIP-II cryomodule string assembly. The overpressure can be controlled at a precision of 1 mbar above the atmospheric pressure regardless of the cavity or string assembly air volume. The system minimized the risk of uncontrolled nitrogen flow during the string assembly. Design features will be presented. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 765 EP - 767 KW - cavity KW - controls KW - vacuum KW - SRF KW - cryomodule DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB076 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb076.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Helsper, J. AU - Chandrasekaran, S.K. AU - Holzbauer, J.P. AU - Solyak, N. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Transportation Fatigue Testing of the pHB650 Power Coupler Antenna for the PIP-II Project at Fermilab J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The PIP-II Project will see international shipment of cryomodules from Europe to the United States, and as such, the shocks which can occur during shipment pose a risk to the internal components. Of particular concern is the coupler ceramic window and surrounding brazes, which can see relatively high stress during an excitation event. Since the antenna design is new, and because of the setback failure would create, a cyclic stress test was devised for the antenna. This paper presents the experimental methods, setup, and results of the test. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 801 EP - 805 KW - vacuum KW - SRF KW - linac KW - cryomodule KW - resonance DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB093 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb093.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Helsper, J. AU - Kazakov, S. AU - Longuevergne, D. AU - Passarelli, D. AU - Solyak, N. AU - Wallon, S. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Design, Manufacturing, Assembly, and Lessons Learned of the Pre-Production 325 MHz Couplers for the PIP-II Project at Fermilab J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Five 325 MHz high-power couplers will be integrated into the pre-production Single Spoke Resonator Type-II (ppSSR2) cryomodule for the PIP-II project at Fermilab. Couplers were procured by both Fermilab and IJCLAB for this effort. The design of the coupler is described, including design optimizations from the previous generation. This paper then describes the coupler life cycle, including design, manufacturing, and assembly, along with the lessons learned at each stage. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 806 EP - 811 KW - vacuum KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - interface KW - cryomodule DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB094 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb094.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Solyak, N. AU - Chandrasekaran, S.K. AU - Hanna, B.M. AU - Helsper, J. AU - Holzbauer, J.P. AU - Kazakov, S. AU - Sukhanov, A.I. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Testing of PIP-II Pre-production 650 MHz Couplers in Warm Test Stand and Cryomodule J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - 650 MHz fundamental power couplers were developed for PIP-II project to deliver RF power for low-beta and high-beta elliptical cavities. Few prototypes were built and tested and after some modification we built 8 pre-production couplers (with three spares for vacuum side) for ppHB650 cryomodule. All couplers were successfully tested in pulse mode (up to 100kW) and in CW mode (up to 50kW) in test stand at full reflection at 8 phases. In baseline configuration with DC bias we do not see any multipactoring activity after short processing. We also tested power processing without bias for uncoated and TiN coated ceramic window. Results of these studies presented in this paper. One of the coupler was assembled on LB650 cavity and tested at cryogenic environment in STC cryostat at ~30kW power with full reflection at different reflection phase. We also demonstrated good result from power processing without bias for warm and cold cavity. Six couplers were assembled on HB650 cavities in pre-production cryomodule. Test results from cryomodule qualification is discussing in this paper. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 812 EP - 815 KW - vacuum KW - cavity KW - cryomodule KW - resonance KW - coupling DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB096 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb096.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Solyak, N. AU - Hanna, B.M. AU - Helsper, J. AU - Kazakov, S. AU - Passarelli, D. AU - Wallon, S. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Testing and Processing of Pre-production 325 MHz Single Spoke Resonator Power Couplers for PIP-II Project J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Fundamental 325 MHz power couplers are designed, built and tested for SSR cavities in PIP-II project [1]. Couplers should work in CW mode at power level 7.5kW w/o beam and ~15 kW with the 2 mA beam. At pre-production stage we built and tested 6 couplers, produced by CPI (FNAL) and PMB (IJCLab) and 4 more couplers will be tested soon. Two of tested cou-plers had TiN coated ceramic window. In warm test stand two couplers were mounted on the coupling chamber and tested in SW regime at full reflection with phase controlled by position of short and reflection insert. Couplers were tested at pulse mode (up to 25kW) and cw mode (12kW) with HV bias or without bias. Test results demonstrated that 3.5 kV DC bias completely suppresses multipactor in coupler. Vacuum activity in coupler was controlled by e-pickups and build-in vacuum gauges, located near the vacuum side of window. Power processing without DC bias was done for several couplers with and without TiN coating on ceramic window. Test results are presented and discussing in paper. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 816 EP - 819 KW - vacuum KW - cavity KW - coupling KW - SRF KW - pick-up DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB097 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb097.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Contreras-Martinez, C. AU - Giaccone, B. AU - Melnychuk, O.S. AU - Netepenko, A.V. AU - Pischalnikov, Y.M. AU - Posen, S. AU - Yakovlev, V.P. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - PI Loop Resonance Control for the Dark Photon Experiment at 2 K using a 2.6 GHz SRF cavity J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Two 2.6 GHz cavities are being used for dark photon search at VTS in FNAL. During testing at 2 K the cavities experience frequency detuning caused by microphonics and slow frequency drifts. The experiment requires that the two cavities have the same frequency within 5 Hz. These two cavities are equipped with frequency tuners consisting of three piezo actuators. The piezo actuators are used for fine-fast frequency tuning. A PI loop utilizing the piezos was used to maintain both cavities at the same frequency, and the results are presented. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 847 EP - 851 KW - cavity KW - photon KW - simulation KW - experiment KW - SRF DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB109 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb109.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Maniscalco, J.T. AU - Aderhold, S. AU - Arkan, T.T. AU - Bafia, D. AU - Bevins, M.E. AU - Checchin, M. AU - Gonnella, D. AU - Grabowski, A.J. AU - Hogan, J. AU - Kaluzny, J.A. AU - Porter, R.D. AU - Posen, S. AU - Reece, C.E. AU - Savransky, D. AU - Vennekate, H. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Flux Expulsion Testing for LCLS-II-HE Cavity Production J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Nitrogen-doped niobium SRF cavities are sensitive to trapped magnetic flux, which decreases the cavity intrinsic Q₀. Prior experimental results have shown that heat treatments to 900°C and higher can result in stronger flux expulsion during cooldown; the precise temperature required tends to vary by vendor lot/ingot of the niobium material used in the cavity cells. For LCLS-II-HE, to ensure sufficient flux expulsion in all cavities, we built and tested single-cell cavities to determine this required temperature for each vendor lot of niobium material to be used in cavity cells. In this report, we present the results of the single-cell flux expulsion testing and the Q₀ of the nine-cell cavities built using the characterized vendor lots. We discuss mixing material from different vendor lots, examine the lessons learned, and finally present an outlook on possible refinements to the single-cell technique. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 876 EP - 879 KW - cavity KW - cryomodule KW - niobium KW - SRF KW - ECR DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB120 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb120.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Pudasaini, U. AU - Cheban, S. AU - Eremeev, G.V. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - First Results from Nanoindentation of Vapor Diffused Nb₃Sn Films on Nb J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - The mechanical vulnerability of the Nb₃Sn-coated cavities is identified as one of the significant technical hurdles toward deploying them in practical accelerator applications in the not-so-distant future. It is crucial to characterize the material’s mechanical properties in ways to address such vulnerability. Nanoindentation is a widely used technique for measuring the mechanical properties of thin films that involves indenting the film with a small diamond tip and measuring the force-displacement response to calculate the film’s elastic modulus, hardness, and other mechanical properties. The nanoindentation analysis was performed on multiple vapor-diffused Nb₃Sn samples coated at Jefferson Lab and Fermilab coating facilities for the first time. This contribution will discuss the first results obtained from the nanoindentation of Nb₃Sn-coated Nb samples prepared via the Sn vapor diffusion technique. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 888 EP - 892 KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - linac KW - experiment KW - accelerating-gradient DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB126 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb126.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Contreras-Martinez, C. AU - Giaccone, B. AU - Gonin, I.V. AU - Khabiboulline, T.N. AU - Melnychuk, O.S. AU - Pischalnikov, Y.M. AU - Posen, S. AU - Pronitchev, O.V. AU - Yun, J.C. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Testing of the 2.6 GHz SRF Cavity Tuner for the Dark Photon Experiment at 2 K J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - At FNAL two 2.6 GHz SRF cavities are being used to search for dark photons, the experiment can be conducted at 2 K or in a dilution refrigerator. Precise frequency tuning is required for these two cavities so they can be matched in frequency. A cooling capacity constraint on the dilution refrigerator only allows piezo actuators to be part of the design of the 2.6 GHz cavity tuner. The tuner is equipped with three encapsulated piezo that deliver the long- and short-range frequency tuning. Modifications were implemented on the first tuner design due to the low forces on the piezos due to the cavity. Three brass rods with Belleville washers were added to the design to increase the overall force on the piezos. The results at 2 K of testing this tuner with and without the modification will be presented. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 907 EP - 910 KW - cavity KW - photon KW - SRF KW - experiment KW - ECR DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB133 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb133.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Contreras-Martinez, C. AU - Pischalnikov, Y.M. AU - Yun, J.C. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Study of Different Piezoelectric Material Stroke Displacement at Different Temperatures Using an SRF Cavity J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - Piezoelectric actuators are used for resonance control in superconducting linacs. The level of frequency compensation depends on the piezoelectric stroke displacement. In this study, the stroke displacement will be measured with a 1.3 GHz SRF cavity by measuring the frequency shift with respect to the voltage applied. The entire system was submerged in liquid helium. This study characterizes the PZT piezoelectric actuator (P-844K093) and a lithium niobate (P-844B0005) piezoelectric actuator. All these actuators were developed at Physik Instrumente (PI). The piezo-electric displacement was measured at different temperatures. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 911 EP - 913 KW - cavity KW - SRF KW - experiment KW - controls KW - resonance DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB134 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb134.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - Gandolfo, N. AU - Duchesne, P. AU - Le Dréan, D. AU - Longuevergne, D. AU - Mavilla, G. AU - Parise, M. AU - Passarelli, D. AU - Pischalnikov, Y.M. AU - Pépin-Donat, T. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Prototype SSR2 Tuner Procurement and Testing at IJCLab for PIP-II Project J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - IJCLab is involved in the PIP-II project on the design and development of accelerator components for the SSR2 (Single Spoke Resonator type 2) section of the superconducting linac. Five prototype tuners have been built and are being tested at IJCLab. After a short description of the tuner, this paper reports on the procurement strategy and the performance observed at both room and low temperatures in vertical cryostat test with SSR2 prototype cavities. This paper will also share results on accelerated lifetime tests performed in a dedicated nitrogen-cooled cryostat. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 917 EP - 920 KW - cavity KW - vacuum KW - insertion KW - SRF KW - cryomodule DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB137 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/wepwb137.pdf ER - TY - CONF AU - McIntosh, P.A. AU - Belomestnykh, S.A. AU - Burt, G. AU - Calaga, R. AU - De Silva, S.U. AU - Delayen, J.R. AU - Gonin, I.V. AU - Khabiboulline, T.N. AU - Lunin, A. AU - Okugi, T. AU - Orlov, Y.M. AU - Verdú-Andrés, S. AU - Xiao, B.P. AU - Yakovlev, V.P. AU - Yamamoto, A. ED - Saito, Kenji ED - Xu, Ting ED - Sakamoto, Naruhiko ED - Schaa, Volker R.W. ED - Thomas, Paul W. TI - Crab Cavities for ILC J2 - Proc. of SRF2023, Grand Rapids, MI, USA, 25-30 June 2023 CY - Grand Rapids, MI, USA T2 - International Conference on RF Superconductivity T3 - 21 LA - english AB - For the 14 mrad crossing angle proposed, crab cavity systems are fundamentally anticipated for the viable operation of the International Linear Collider (ILC), in order to maximise its luminosity performance. Since 2021, a specialist development team have been defining optimum crab cavity technologies which can fulfil the operational requirements for ILC, both for its baseline centre-of-mass energy of 250 GeV, but also extending those requirements out to higher beam collision intensities. Five design teams have established crab cavity technology solutions, which have the capability to also operate up to 1 TeV centre-of-mass. This presentation showcases the key performance capabilities of these designs and their associated benefits for both manufacture and integration into the ILC Interaction Region. The recommended outcome of the recently conducted crab cavity technology down-selection, will also be highlighted. PB - JACoW Publishing CP - Geneva, Switzerland SP - 990 EP - 998 KW - cavity KW - HOM KW - SRF KW - operation KW - impedance DA - 2023/09 PY - 2023 SN - 2673-5504 SN - 978-3-95450-234-9 DO - doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-FRIBA04 UR - https://jacow.org/srf2023/papers/friba04.pdf ER -