Cummings, M.A. Abrams, R.J. Johnson, R.P. Roberts, T.J. JACoW Geneva, Switzerland 978-3-95450-180-9 10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-FRB2IO03 English 1300-1304 FRB2IO03 ion neutron proton target simulation Contribution to a conference proceedings 2017 2017-01 http://dx.doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-FRB2IO03 https://jacow.org/napac2016/papers/frb2io03.pdf Operation of high-power SRF particle accelerators at two US national laboratories allows us to consider a less-expensive nuclear reactor that operates without the need for a critical core, fuel enrichment, or reprocessing. A multipurpose reactor design that takes advantage of this new accelerator capability includes an internal spallation neutron target and high-temperature molten-salt fuel with continuous purging of volatile radioactive fission products. The reactor contains less than a critical mass and almost a million times fewer volatile radioactive fission products than conventional reactors like those at Fukushima. We describe GEMSTAR , a reactor that without redesign will burn spent nuclear fuel, natural uranium, thorium, or surplus weapons material. A first application is to burn 34 tonnes of excess weapons grade plutonium as an important step in nuclear disarmament under the 2000 Plutonium Management and Disposition Agreement **. The process heat generated by this W-Pu can be used for the Fischer-Tropsch conversion of natural gas and renewable carbon into 42 billion gallons of low-CO2-footprint, drop-in, synthetic diesel fuel for the DOD.