SuperKEKB, located at KEK, is a second generation B-factory, providing beam to the Belle-II experiment. Optics design and simulation of SuperKEKB were previously performed using the optics code SAD, developed at KEK. In this paper, we present a new model of SuperKEKB using the tracking code Xsuite, developed at CERN. An alternative strategy for modelling the interaction region, with controllable final focus quadrupoles, has been adopted. Optics comparisons between the new Xsuite model and existing SAD model, as well as tracking simulations including beam-beam modelling are presented.

VEPP-2000 electron-positron collider operating in the beam energy range of 150-1000 MeV is the only machine originally designed to exploit Round Beams Concept which results in significant beam-beam limit enhancement. After long shutdown for injection chain upgrade VEPP-2000 resumed data taking with luminosity limited only by beam-beam effects. Thanks to extensive and thorough machine tuning the luminosity achieved L = 9 * 10^+31 cm-2s-1 at E=900 MeV that is above the design value. The stable operation resulted as well in high average data taking rate of 2-4 pb-1/day at top energies. In 2024 VEPP-2000 achieved the symbolic long-term milestone: integrated luminosity recorded by each of two detectors, SND and CMD-3, exceeded 1fb-1. This value was the target data volume written in the project physical program. Recorded data allows to study physics of light quarks with unprecedent precision. Recently published by CMD-3 collaboration e+e- -> pi+pi- cross-section measurement already changed the vision of muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment mystery - possible window to physics beyond the SM.

Muon colliders offer high-luminosity, multi-TeV collisions without significant synchrotron radiation but require further exploration of muon production, acceleration, cooling, and storage techniques. A proposed 6D cooling demonstrator aims to extend the MICE experiment's validation of transverse ionization cooling to also reduce longitudinal emittance, using bunched muon beams and incorporating RF cavities for reacceleration. The cooling lattice includes solenoids for tight focusing, dipoles for beam dispersion, and wedge absorbers for differential energy loss. This paper presents a complete implementation of cooling channels for BDSIM, a Geant4-based accelerator simulation tool, using appropriate analytic field models to account for fringe-field-dominated magnets. Components have been tested individually and validated against other tracking codes such as G4BeamLine. A tracking study leveraging this implementation is presented, simulating and optimizing a rectilinear cooling channel for the 6D cooling demonstrator. The analysis incorporates beam parameters from existing proton drivers, using outputs from targetry and capture system designs.

This paper presents statistical uncertainty studies on data analysis methods employed for the alignment of induction voltage adder (IVA) cell magnets in the Scorpius Injector. The Stretched Wire Alignment Technique (SWAT) was utilized to precisely locate and align the magnetic axis of beamline solenoid magnets. A current pulse with duration of approximately 100 µs was propagated through a stretched wire, generating a traveling wave due to the transverse magnetic force acting on the wire. The resulting transverse displacements in both horizontal and vertical directions were measured as a function of time using laser micrometers. By systematically repositioning the wire relative to the mechanical center of the magnet, the true magnetic axis and its offsets from the mechanical center were determined based on the displacement amplitudes or the magnetic field magnitudes inferred from the wire’s motion. Statistical uncertainty analysis of various data analysis methods was conducted to evaluate the reliability of the estimated magnetic axis offsets. The results provide a robust range of offset estimates, ensuring accurate alignment of the IVA cell magnets within the injector system.

A high-power 3-GeV proton beam from a rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) is transported to targets for muon and neutron production at Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) by a 3-GeV RCS to Neutron facility Beam Transport (3NBT) line in J-PARC. Recently, the design power of 1 MW has been achieved, which has initiated a future plan of MLF second target station (TS2). For the future plan, design studies have been started for a new beam transport line to the TS2 target, which works as a source for both muon and neutron. In this study, 3-GeV proton beam transport is simulated in the vicinity of the TS2 target, where a bending magnet for muon separation and a capture solenoid are aligned. In this presentation, we report magnetic field effects on the proton beam brought by those magnets and correction of the effects.

The Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research continues work on the reconstruction of the U400 cyclotron into a new U400R accelerator complex designed to produce accelerated ion beams with an atomic mass in the range of A = 4 ÷ 209 and an energy of 0.8 ÷ 25 MeV/nucleon. The intensity of accelerated ions will be about 2.5 μA particles for 48Ca ions. The axial injection system of the U400R cyclotron is a modernization of a similar system of the U400 cyclotron. The report presents the results of calculating the axial injection beam line of the cyclotron.

The information on phase space in all six dimensions is required for various accelerator experiments. We developed an algorithm based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that can be used instead of the traditional back projection techniques because it is less computationally intensive and has a simple architecture. Our method has shown consistency with the simulation, and we plan to validate it on data taken at the KEK–Superconducting Test Facility (STF).

The Delhi Light source is a pre-bunched Free Electron Laser facility to generate coherent THz radiation. The electron beam is generated from a normal conducting 2.6 cell RF photocathode (PC) gun operated at 2860 MHz. The RF gun is powered by a high power RF source for a duration of 4 µs at 10 Hz repetition rate. The dark current during the operation of the RF gun has been found to be substantially high with increasing forward powers (above 3 MW) even after prolonged RF conditioning. Dark current measurements has been done with an in-house developed faraday cup with an objective to understand the possible primary dark current source from locations at the PC that witnesses high accelerating fields. The measurements include the study of solenoid field variation to understand the dark current energies and effect of its steering to understand the possible dark current locations. Simulations to make inference from the measurements has been done assuming different radial position of dark current emitters at the PC surface. The details of the measurements, simulation results and the inference drawn are discussed in the paper.

Complementing its contributions to the JT-60SA and ITER fusion reactors, Fusion for Energy contributes to the R&D for material characterization facilities. Under the Broader Approach agreement, Europe and Japan are developing the Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator (LIPAc) in Japan, a deuteron accelerator demonstrator producing neutrons by nuclear stripping reactions on a liquid lithium target, part of the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) project. In 2024, LIPAC prepared for the installation of the SRF cryomodule, concluding its construction. As first prototype, the cryomodule assembly faced challenges at various stages. Started in March 2019, the assembly was paused during its cleanroom phase due to quality issues with the superconducting solenoids, resuming in Aug. 2022. Further issues delayed the completion of the cleanroom activities until Sept. 2024. In 2024, the cryomodule assembly progressed at a good rate. The clean room worked concluded in Sept. and by late 2024 the cold mass was ready for insertion into the vacuum vessel, with transfer to the vault planned for early 2025. In this paper, we will outline the critical steps of this assembly process.

Xsuite is a Python toolkit for modelling and simulation of particle accelerators, which has been developed at CERN together with collaborators from other institutes over the past four years. The code has reached a mature development stage and has become the workhorse for several studies and applications, allowing the gradual replacement of legacy tools like Sixtrack, COMBI, PyHEADTAIL. This contribution provides an overview of the code capabilities and illustrates examples in different areas of accelerator science, including low-energy hadron rings for medical applications, high-intensity hadron accelerators, synchrotron light sources, high-energy hadron and lepton colliders.

The cERL injector objective is to produce and deliver a high-quality electron beam to the recirculation loop. However, a recent observation of an anomalous "triangle beam" profile just after the first solenoid presents significant challenges. This distorted beam profile can lead to inaccurate parameter measurements, reduced focusing and collimation efficiency, and increased sensitivity to injector errors. This study investigates potential causes, including hexapole field components, misalignment, nonlinearity of air-core steering, and beam kick at cathode. Machine learning techniques are employed to analyze experimental data and simulation results to identify the primary factors. Based on these findings, potential solutions to mitigate the "triangle beam" issue and optimize injector performance are proposed.

The Delhi Light Source is an upcoming user facility for coherent THz radiation and electron beam. Electron beam of energy upto 8 MeV generated from a RF photo-cathode gun will be used for coherent THz generation from a planer undulator. The beam after passing through the undulator field will be separated from the THz and THz line by a $60^{o}$ achromatic section and delivered to electron experimental area. Simulation studies has been performed to achieve achromatic condition and acceptable beam size at the electron experimental area for the case of electron transmission through non-trivial undulator field. However for the case of open gap undulator (no THz generation), the study shows that the same design gives a limited control on the overall beam size at the electron experimental area. To overcome this the extended quadrupole correction (EQC) coils of the undulator can be used as a suitable focussing element to achieve required beam size control in addition to the achromatic condition. The paper presents the simulation studies of the achromatic section for both with and without(open gap) undulator field.

In the J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment, a three-dimensional beam injection scheme will be adopted to inject a 300 MeV/c muon beam into a compact storage orbit. In this scheme, a low-emittance muon beam with X-Y coupling is injected from the edge of a solenoidal magnet and guided to a compact beam storage region where the magnetic field is precisely tunned for a muon g-2 measurement with a good systematic uncertainty. The method to design the injected beam phase space distribution was previously unclear, as muons pass through an area with a largely position-dependent, non-linear, and time-dependent magnetic field created by the solenoidal fringe field and kicker field during the injection process. This presentation introduces a new design method. By utilizing a linear approximation of beam transportation, an acceptance is defined for the injected beam distribution. This acceptance is represented as a three-dimensional hyperplane, allowing for a search of an optimal beam distribution by comparing it to beam phase space distribution candidates. The presentation reports the procedure and results of this method, as well as its limitations due to the assumed linear approximation.

A three-dimensional spiral beam injection scheme\* has been developed since 2014. This scheme is for accumulating a charged particle beam with relativistic energy in a sub-meter storage ring to realize for the J-PARC Muon g-2/EDM experiment (E34). Prior to the E34 experiment, we conducted a demonstration experiment utilizing 80 keV pulsed electron beam generated by an electron gun\**. The beam passed through a transport line of three rotating quadrupoles and was accumulated in an 80gauss solenoid magnet at the center fiducial volume with a diameter of storage orbit only 24cm. Now we have successfully accomplished (1) a strongly X-Y coupled beam phase space to inject into the axisymmetric solenoid magnetic field, (2) a weak focusing magnetic field potential within the storage region at the center of the solenoid magnet, (3) a pulsed magnetic field kick to guide the beam trajectory into the storage region, and (4) beam diagnosis in the storage area. In this presentation, we will report the experimental results of successful storage in an ultra-compact ring, and improvements for the actual storage ring for E34 based on this knowledge gained from 10 years of demonstration experiments.