operation
MOBC01
Measurement of nanoampere beam intensities at FAIR
1
Like standard beam transformers the cryogenic current comparator (CCC) measures the intensity of particle beams via the azimuthal magnetic field. The superior performance of the CCC derives from a superconducting magnetometer (SQUID - Superconducting Quantum Interference Device), which detects fields in the fT range. This enables for current resolution in the nA range but in return needs extremely careful protection from external influences like stray fields and mechanical vibrations. The CCC therefore requires an elaborated superconducting magnetic shielding and is housed in a specially developed, vibration damped He bath cryostat. We have recently achieved half a year of non-stop operation in stand-alone (closed Helium circuit) mode. The nA resolution has been demonstrated earlier during several beamtimes, in CRYRING as well as with slow extracted beams from SIS18. Among the CCC types, which have been investigated, the 'Dual Core' (DCCC) version showed the best performance with respect to bandwith and current resolution. The DCCC and its cryostat therefore mark a provisional closure of CCC development for FAIR. In this contribution we present the latest results and system status.
Paper: MOBC01
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOBC01
About: Received: 01 Sep 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOCC01
Current Activities of the Beam Diagnostics in the J-PARC Linac
18
J-PARC Linac accelerates the high-intensity beam of 50 mA using an RF system of 324 MHz and 972 MHz. In order to accelerate and transport the high-intensity beam to facilities stably, the current value, centroid, and distribution of the beam must be measured to realize optimum operating conditions. This paper reports on the transformations and improvements of the linac beam diagnostics since 2015. As an example, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were employed in the WSM at the upstream of the linac. There has never been an unintentional WSM failure after the CNT replacement. Other reports on the status of BSM operations will also be presented. The diagnosis of beam anomalies experienced during beam tuning will also be reported.
Paper: MOCC01
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOCC01
About: Received: 01 Sep 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPCO04
Machine learning using beam loss monitors for DIAMOND-II
58
The slow losses measured by Beam Loss Monitors (BLMs) at synchrotron light source facilities offer useful but indirect insight into the state of the beam. Patterns arise across the set of BLMs depending on the movement of insertion devices, beam current, temperature, humidity, and other contributors. A variety of neural network models were designed and evaluated to model this behaviour under user beam operation to enable anomaly detection and aid fault investigations.
Paper: MOPCO04
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPCO04
About: Received: 02 Sep 2025 — Revised: 04 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPCO07
The SPS beam loss monitoring system renovation plan
70
The Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) beam loss monitoring (BLM) system at CERN, operational for several decades, currently comprises 286 Ionisation Chambers (ICs) around the SPS ring and approximately 144 additional detectors along various extraction lines (TT20, TT40, TT60, etc.). A complete renovation of the system is planned during Long Shutdown 3 (LS3), encompassing detectors, cabling, and acquisition electronics. The upgraded architecture will adopt a design similar to the current LHC BLM system—featuring front-end and back-end electronics housed in separate crates and connected via optical links—ensuring compatibility with the LHC upgrade scheduled around LS4. This paper presents an overview of the proposed architecture for the SPS ring and transfer lines, detailing the key components and expected improvements in performance, modularity and reliability.
Paper: MOPCO07
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPCO07
About: Received: 01 Sep 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPCO09
EPAC beamline Prototype: Development and optimisation of a high-repetition-rate LWFA system
78
The Extreme Photonics Applications Centre (EPAC) is a next-generation high-power laser facility designed to deliver stable, high-repetition-rate (10 Hz) LWFA electron beamline with high quality parameters (∼1nC, ∼1 GeV, <5% energy spread). As a crucial preparatory step, one of the 10 TW laser system (Gemini) at the Central Laser Facility is being repurposed as a prototype beamline to de-risk EPAC commissioning and to develop critical subsystems. We report on a progress in three core areas: 1. Targetry Development: We designed and implemented gas-cell targets featuring enhanced durability, leveraging replaceable CVD diamond apertures and modular components to support 5 Hz operation. 2. Beam Optimization: Using Bayesian optimization, we explore tuning of key LWFA outputs—electron charge, energy, divergence, and X-ray flux and energy—achieving improved performance across shots. 3. Integrated Simulation Framework: To support beamline design, we are developing a modular toolkit that couples fluid dynamics (OpenFOAM), particle-in-cell (FBPIC), and Monte Carlo (Geant4) simulations.
Paper: MOPCO09
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPCO09
About: Received: 02 Sep 2025 — Revised: 09 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPCO12
First beam commissioning experience with RF system on chip based bunch by bunch signal processing systems at SLS 2.0 at SLS 2.0
90
After a dark time of 15 months, the new diffraction limited storage ring SLS 2.0 had first beam in January 2025. In April 2025, the nominal beam current of 400 mA was reached. In this contribution, we present the status and first beam commissioning experience with the RF System-on-Chip (RFSoC) based signal processing systems of the new SLS 2.0 ring. RFSoCs integrate several fast multi-GSample/s ADCs and DACs, FPGA (programmable logic) fabric and multi-core CPUs all on the same chip. During SLS 2.0 commissioning, the integrated EPICS IOC of the RFSoCs provided bunch-by-bunch diagnostics of dedicated BPM position and charge readings. Integrated DACs are driving newly developed transverse and longitudinal kicker magnets, enabling bunch-by-bunch excitation and damping. Bidirectional multi-Gigabit fiber optic links connect the RFSoC to the event system master, thus enabling both synchronisation of the RFSoC to the event system, as well as real-time control of the event system master by the RFSoCs, e.g. for control of beam injection timing and filling pattern.
Paper: MOPCO12
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPCO12
About: Received: 06 Sep 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPCO23
Commissioning of the 71 MeV beam delivery line of the TOP-IMPLART accelerator
120
TOP-IMPLART is a pulsed RF proton linear accelerator in operation at the ENEA Frascati Research Center originally built as a technological demonstrator for a full-linear solution to protontherapy, it is currently evolving towards a facility available for research and industrial users in different fields, ranging from biomedical to aerospace applications. It consists of a commercial AccSys PL7 model 425 MHz injector followed by eight SCDTL accelerating modules operating at 3 GHz. Proton beams in the range 1-6 MeV are available from a vertical delivery line placed at the exit of the injector, and at 63 MeV or 71 MeV (intermediate and lower energies are achieved by degraders) from a horizontal delivery line at the exit of the accelerator, where a pulse current variable up to 20 µA is provided in pulses 2.5 µs long at a typical repetition rate of 25 Hz. Our contribution presents the first experimental results from the commissioning of the high-energy line. It is a multi-purpose in-house designed line featuring a magnetic scanning system and a set of instrumentation, diagnostics, and target positioning frames placed on motorized platforms allowing for customizable irradiation setups.
Paper: MOPCO23
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPCO23
About: Received: 02 Sep 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPCO28
Web Streaming Integration for the TLS Beam Size Monitoring Broadcast System
132
The beam size monitor broadcast system at the Taiwan Light Source (TLS) has traditionally used analog coaxial cables and modulators to transmit measurement images and data to control rooms and beamline stations via televisions and tuners. While simple and network-independent, this setup suffers from low resolution, frequent interference, and aging hardware with no ongoing maintenance. This paper presents a lightweight, non-intrusive upgrade that replaces the legacy system with a web-based real-time streaming solution. By capturing the existing output from the measurement system and streaming it using standard web technologies, users can access beam size visuals on any browser-enabled device, gaining better image quality and improved stability while eliminating traditional broadcast maintenance. As TLS is scheduled to be decommissioned in 2027, this solution offers a fast, low-risk, and cost-effective modernization path without altering existing instruments or computing environments. The system is currently under testing, and this paper describes its architecture, implementation, and preliminary results.
Paper: MOPCO28
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPCO28
About: Received: 27 Aug 2025 — Revised: 06 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPCO33
Status of the source of polarized electrons at ELSA with improved laser and electron beam diagnostics
145
The ELSA facility at the University of Bonn uses a storage ring to accelerate polarized electrons up to 3.2 GeV. The photoinjector source is driven by a Ti:Sa laser beam to obtain a high polarization degree (~86%) from a GaAsP strained-layer superlattice crystal photocathode. After a prolonged shutdown of the source we restored its status to fully operational and fine-tuned the laser system, the crystal storage and cleaning apparatus as well as the Linac transfer beamline. The in-house developed diagnostic software FGrabbit has been employed for the analysis of laser and electron beam camera images, providing increased precision and dynamic range in the optimization process. The impact of the crystal cleaning process was studied with spatially resolved quantum efficiency mapping of the photocathode surface.
Paper: MOPCO33
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPCO33
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 09 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO05
Development of a wide dynamic range and high-precision ammeter for beamline instrumentation at SIRIUS
175
Sirius beamlines require specialized electronic devices to monitor key parameters of the photon beam, such as position and flux, through the detection of extremely low-level electrical currents. Furthermore, experiments conducted in fly-scan mode usually demand fast, high-precision low-level current measurements. To address these requirements, the development of a wide dynamic range ammeter (from 1 pA to 10 mA) has been addressed, based on a logarithmic transimpedance amplifier, eliminating the need for scale switching and featuring high precision and fast response. The proposed device converts the input current into a logarithmic output voltage and offers two operation modes: the logarithmic ammeter and the logarithmic ratiometer, both of which are particularly useful in X-ray spectroscopy experiments. This paper considers an overview of the device as well as its preliminary characterization and results, including logarithmic conformity, bandwidth, and noise.
Paper: MOPMO05
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO05
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO06
Challenges with the beam destinations for the ESS linac
179
For the ESS linac commissioning, twelve extremely compact beam destinations were designed in place of bulky and expensive beam dumps, in order to dump [0.075, 250] MeV protons. The beam destinations were either Faraday Cups (FC) for the NCL commissioning or Insertable Beam Stops (IBS) for the SCL commissioning. Both FC and IBS are beam-intercepting devices, operated under vacuum, water cooled and movable by means of a pneumatic actuator. The **manufacturing** of FC and IBS relied on high-precision machining. The limited installation space and vacuum requirements required strict tolerances, complex welding of small components and vacuum brazing of compact cooling pipes. The **installation** of the devices themselves, their radiation shielding and portable cleanrooms were particularly challenging due to the limited space not only outside but also inside the beamline. The main challenge during the **operation** was posed by the beam power density. Radiation transport calculations allowed to minimize residual dose rates. Thermo-mechanical simulations allowed to define the operational limits thus avoiding damage to the beam destinations themselves and linac components nearby.
Paper: MOPMO06
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO06
About: Received: 28 Aug 2025 — Revised: 04 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 06 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO07
First Attila4MC simulations for the high-power proton accelerator of the European Spallation Source
183
Radiation transport simulations allow the design and operation of entire facilities such as the European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund, Sweden. This paper summarizes three of the first applications of Attila4MC simulations to the high-power proton accelerator of ESS and its beam instrumentation. Entire linac sections and beam-interceptive instrumentation were modelled by implementing existing CAD models, relying on unstructured tetrahedral meshes and zeroing out the time spent in manually crafting MCNP6 models. As a result, it was possible to accurately quantify the beam power density within beam-interceptive devices and in turn their operational limits. Activation and 3D dose maps were computed and swiftly visualized in 3D, on top of the actual linac model. This work paves the way for e.g. advanced instrumentation design, linac operation, safe maintenance, categorization of radiation waste and future dismantling.
Paper: MOPMO07
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO07
About: Received: 26 Aug 2025 — Revised: 04 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 06 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO08
Development and Characterization of a Radiation-Tolerant Power Supply for Beam Instrumentation
186
CERN’s Beam Instrumentation Group is developing a mini-crate to host the future Beam Loss Monitor (BLM) and Beam Positioning Monitor (BPM) systems acquisition electronics at HL-LHC and SPS accelerators. For this purpose, a new power supply has been designed to meet the low noise requirements, high reliability, and availability standards for these harsh radioactive environments. This design makes use of CERN-developed ASICs and radiation-tolerant qualified COTS and follows a modular architecture for quick interventions and safe handling. The paper presents the design, prototype characterisation results, identified issues, and mitigation methods to achieve the required radiation tolerance.
Paper: MOPMO08
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO08
About: Received: 01 Sep 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO13
Intelligent Retrieval Systems for Accelerator Physics: Matching Retrieval Approaches to Use Cases
204
Accelerator facilities generate diverse documentation, from technical reports to structured wikis and semi-structured logbooks, which complicates efficient knowledge access. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers a path toward intelligent operator assistants, no single method is universally optimal. We present three use cases from PSI: for technical documentation, naive dense retrieval with summarization provides fast and interpretable access; for the AcceleratorWiki, a graph-augmented approach improves reasoning over hierarchies and cross-references; and for ELOG, an agentic pipeline with specialized agents supports multimodal interpretation, temporal reasoning, and iterative refinement. Together, these case studies illustrate how matching retrieval paradigms to data types enables reliable, context-aware assistance in accelerator operations.
Paper: MOPMO13
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO13
About: Received: 08 Sep 2025 — Revised: 09 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO20
Beam loss monitoring system at SOLARIS
223
SOLARIS storage ring has been equipped with a set of twelve Beam Loss Detectors, controlled by Libera Beam Loss Monitors. This system enhances the ability to monitor and analyze beam losses and operational efficiency. Detectors were strategically placed around storage ring and transfer line, providing ability to optimize injection losses and enable precise localization of beam loss events. Real-time monitoring enables faster identification and mitigation of abnormal loss patterns, improving machine protection, stability and reliability. Data collected by the system will support beam lifetime studies and provide valuable insights for future performance.
Paper: MOPMO20
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO20
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 06 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO22
Upgrade of the BPM processor for SXFEL
231
The Shanghai Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser (SXFEL) is scheduled for a digital and intelligent upgrade over the next two years, aiming to achieve fully autonomous operation. This upgrade requires timestamping the BPM measurement results in the beam diagnostics system to enable synchronous acquisition of all measurement data at SXFEL. A new prototype of the digital BPM signal processor (DBPM) has been developed based on a Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC FPGA. In addition to high-speed data connectors for the ADC board, the design features an FMC slot to accommodate a White Rabbit timing board for receiving bunch ID and trigger signals as timestamps. It also includes 10 GB SFP ports to support high-speed data transmission between processors. In this paper, the design of the hardware, firmware, and software of the upgraded BPM signal processor is presented.
Paper: MOPMO22
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO22
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 10 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO24
Overview of diagnostic and instrumentation for Siam Photon Source-II
234
Siam Photon Source II (SPS-II) is a 4th-generation synchrotron light source to be constructed in Thailand, envisioned as a major synchrotron facility for Southeast Asia. It is designed with a 3 GeV low-emittance electron storage ring based on a Double Triple Bend Achromat (DTBA) lattice, with a circumference of 327.6 meters and a natural emittance of 0.97 nm·rad. The design and machine parameters have recently been carefully revised to enhance beam stability and operational reliability. In parallel, key prototypes are being developed to support smooth construction and ensure long-term performance. This paper presents the detailed specifications and a comprehensive overview of the planned beam diagnostics and instrumentation systems, along with initial results from their ongoing R&D and testing.
Paper: MOPMO24
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO24
About: Received: 31 Aug 2025 — Revised: 07 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 07 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO25
Operational experience with machine protection system for high current, high brightness accelerator
238
The Low Energy RHIC Electron Cooler (LEReC), the world’s first electron cooler utilizing an RF electron accelerator, was designed to operate with 1.6-2.6 MeV electron beams of up to 140 kW beam power. The LEReC successfully worked through RHIC Runs 2019-2021, substantially increasing RHIC luminosity, and has been routinely used for various studies since then. A dedicated, highly configurable Machine Protection System (MPS) is a critical part of the LEReC. This paper summarizes our experience with operating the LEReC MPS.
Paper: MOPMO25
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO25
About: Received: 02 Sep 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO27
The Beam Test Facility of the National Laboratories of Frascati
245
The Beam Test Facility (BTF) at the National Laboratories of Frascati provides highly configurable positron/electron beams for different type of experiments. Extracted from the DAΦNE LINAC, the beam delivers up to 49 bunches/s, with 1 to $10^{10}$ particles/bunch. Secondary beams span 25-780 MeV (electrons) and up to 550 MeV (positrons). BTF includes two experimental halls: BTFEH1, suited for high-intensity and long-term experiments, and BTFEH2, optimized for lower intensities (up to 10⁶ particles/s). Both halls feature remote-controlled movable tables, beam diagnostics, and essential services like laser alignment, networking, high-voltage support, and gas pipelines, ensuring comprehensive experimental capabilities and 24/7 user support. A notable strength of BTF lies in the user-friendly approach: beam is easily manipulated to meet users' specific needs, even during ongoing data collection. In this talk the upgrades concerning the development of a new control system based on Epik8s (EPICS on Kubernates) will be reported as well as the new improvement in beam dimension and energy loss concerning the substitution of the 500 $\mu$m BeO exit window with 120 $\mu$m Anticorodal one.
Paper: MOPMO27
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO27
About: Received: 01 Sep 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO31
Quantum efficiency measurements and beam diagnostics test stand design for a dual-mode electron gun at ELSA
253
To support both routine operation and accelerator research at ELSA, a dual-mode dispenser-cathode based electron gun capable of thermionic emission and thermally assisted photoemission (TAPE) is being developed. A dedicated gun test stand is being designed to measure beam properties and quality, as well as quantum efficiency in the TAPE mode under operational conditions. Instrumentation will include a pepper pot emittance stage, quadrupole scan capabilities, profile measurements using screens and wire-scans or SEM grids, and bunch charge and energy spread determination. In a basic test environment, experiments were carried out at low accelerating voltages using a setup consisting of the dispenser cathode, a pickup anode, and a simple laser system with an optical shutter. The shutter enables alternating measurements of photocurrent and dark current at the anode, allowing first estimations of quantum efficiency. The influence of different cathode heating cycles on both the absolute quantum efficiency and its temporal stability was investigated with this setup. Quantum efficiency measurements under different conditions and simulations of the test beamline are presented.
Paper: MOPMO31
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO31
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 07 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO32
Characterization of the radiation environment in the FCC-ee tunnel
256
The Future Circular $ \mathrm{e}^+ \mathrm{e}^- $ Collider (FCC-ee) at CERN will provide collisions at four interaction points along a 91 km long ring, with beam energies ranging from 45.6 GeV (Z pole) to 182.5 GeV ($\text{t}\bar{\text{t}}$ threshold). The radiation environment along the accelerator varies significantly, with different dominant sources depending on location and operational mode. Accurate characterization of this environment is essential for the design and placement of machine equipment, particularly electronic systems and beam instrumentation. In this study, the Monte Carlo code FLUKA is used to characterize tunnel radiation levels from the main sources, including radiative Bhabha scattering, synchrotron radiation, and beam-gas interactions. The results at the Z pole and $\text{t}\bar{\text{t}}$ threshold for both the interaction regions and arcs are presented to guide early-stage design considerations and to quantify exposure risks for electronics at potential installation locations.
Paper: MOPMO32
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO32
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 06 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO34
Performance Validation of High-Gradient X-Band Structures at the University of Melbourne’s X-LAB
260
The X-band Laboratory for Accelerators and Beams (X-LAB) at the University of Melbourne enables high-power testing of X-band accelerator technologies, including components for CERN’s Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). At its core is Mel-BOX, a high-gradient test stand rebuilt from CERN’s XBOX3. Two TD24 structures, previously conditioned at CERN, have been successfully re-tested, along with RF windows, SLED-I pulse compressors, and 3D-printed loads. Beam instrumentation at X-LAB includes Faraday cups with high-resolution digitizers to measure dark current and breakdown emissions. Fast time-domain measurements along the waveguide using GHz-bandwidth oscilloscopes allow localization of breakdown events. Optical fibers detect Cherenkov light near the structures, providing complementary pulse-resolved signals. These are cross-referenced with Faraday cup data to study early-stage field emission. X-LAB integrates RF testing and diagnostics to support the development of compact, high-gradient accelerator systems.
Paper: MOPMO34
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO34
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO35
Measurements of Dark Current and Breakdown Processes using Faraday Cups and Fast Digitisers at the XBand Laboratory for Accelerators and Beams (XLAB)
264
Two CLIC TD24 accelerating structures, manufactured by CERN, are undergoing high-power testing on the 12 GHz RF test stand, MelBOX, at the x-Band Laboratory for Accelerators and Beams (XLAB). Installed in late 2024, these are the first devices tested at the facility. The goal is to condition the structures for stable operation at gradients of 100 MV/m. The maximum gradient is limited by electrical breakdown—vacuum arc formation under high electric fields—which interrupts RF transmission and can damage the structure. To study breakdown dynamics and validate models of their initiation, detailed, time-resolved charge measurements are needed. Faraday cups upstream and downstream, combined with high-performance 5 GS/s, 12-bit, 3 GHz FEB digitisers, enable precise characterisation of both dark and breakdown current emissions. Fast digitiser readout allows continuous acquisition at the 400 Hz repetition rate, capturing breakdown events and several hundred preceding pulses. This dataset supports in-depth analysis of precursors. We present initial results from structure conditioning, including breakdown statistics, dark current trends, and preliminary analysis of breakdown behaviour.
Paper: MOPMO35
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO35
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 10 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO36
Realization of a Faraday cup for the gun of PERLE
268
Faraday Cups have been used as diagnostic tools to measure the charged particle beam current directly. Up to now, different designs have been introduced for this purpose. In this work, a new design of Faraday Cup has been performed for the gun of PERLE, a Powerful Energy Recovery Linac to be installed at IJClab Orsay. FC's dimensions and desirable material have been considered based on PERLE Gun beam characteristics (maximum energy of 350 KeV and maximum current of 20mA). Appropriate specifications were written for this FC. In addition, the heat power generated by electron collision with FC material has been calculated and the required cooling system has been specified. The Faraday Cup is under fabrication and tests should be run early next year to measure the electron beam current out of PERLE Gun
Paper: MOPMO36
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO36
About: Received: 28 Aug 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO38
Development of current monitor for stacking beam in FETS-FFA test ring
274
DDesign studies of the FETS-FFA demonstration ring have been conducted as part of the ISIS-II proposal for a new high-power spallation neutron source. Beam stacking has been proposed to overcome space-charge limits in an FFA, and the feasibility of this will be evaluated in the FETS-FFA test ring by stacking up to four pulses at 50 Hz. To monitor the long-pulsed current of the coasting stacked beams over around 80 ms, the demonstration monitor of large-aperture Current Transformer (CT) with a Negative Impedance Converter (NIC) amplifier is being developed. NIC amplifier compensates the decay constant of the CT signal by cancelling the resistance of the wound coil. In addition to measuring long-pulsed coasting beam currents, the feedforward system is also added in NIC amplifier to boost the frequency band up to a few MHz to enable to measure accelerating bunch currents. This paper presents a design study of a CT monitor using a NIC amplifier and a feasibility test of a demonstration monitor detects long-pulsed signals (1s).
Paper: MOPMO38
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO38
About: Received: 30 Aug 2025 — Revised: 07 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 07 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
MOPMO45
Fermilab PIP-II machine protection system digitized data noise elimination scheme and its FPGA implementation
294
In Fermilab's PIP-II machine protection system, beam loss signals from various detectors are digitized at 125 MS/s. Noise from both high-frequency sources and low-frequency 60 Hz AC power equipment can contaminate the data. To suppress noise across these ranges—especially 60 Hz and its harmonics, which overlap with beam loss signal frequencies—advanced digital processing beyond standard filtering is required. Several real-time functional blocks were simulated and tested on an FPGA: (1) a dual time-constant discharging integrator filter, (2) a de-ripple baseline extraction and storage block, and (3) a fast-recovery discharging integrator. The nonlinear IIR integrator filter removes high-frequency noise and feeds into the baseline extractor. Upon detecting abrupt beam loss, it switches to a longer time constant to prevent baseline distortion. The de-ripple block calculates a valid baseline by averaging over multiple 60 Hz periods, storing results in a 4096-word FPGA RAM. This baseline is subtracted from raw data before integration by the fast-recovery block, which resets quickly after use. All blocks achieved expected performance and were successfully implemented on a low-cost FPGA.
Paper: MOPMO45
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-MOPMO45
About: Received: 30 Aug 2025 — Revised: 09 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUAI01
High-throughput DPDK-based framework for real-time applications in Elettra 2.0
297
The Data Plane Development Kit (DPDK) is a framework that enhances real-time communications by providing direct, high-speed access to network interfaces. This architecture centralizes acquisition and control in an HPC cluster, ensuring ultra-fast in-memory updates of all critical data, making it a viable choice for real-time feedback and machine control in particle accelerators. This approach was chosen for Elettra 2.0 to enable pre-mortem beam dump mitigation, more detailed post-mortem inspection, advanced correlation analysis and the implementation of complex control schemes. Time-sensitive applications implemented in C code interact with Beam Position Monitors (BPM), Low-Level RF (LLRF), Beam Loss Monitors (BLM) and Magnetic Power Converters through simple memory read and write operations at megahertz rates, making the system competitive with high-level processing applications based on FPGA architectures. This paper presents the system under test at Elettra, highlighting its architecture, performance, and integration, while demonstrating the successful implementation of Fast Orbit Feedback in parallel with turn-by-turn (TbT) data acquisition from twelve BPMs and an LLRF system.
Paper: TUAI01
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUAI01
About: Received: 30 Aug 2025 — Revised: 04 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUAI02
Towards continual machine learning for particle accelerators
302
This talk covers our work on errant beam prognostics at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), focusing on the end-to-end process from data collection to the development and deployment of predictive models in specific. A short overview of AIML work done for accelerators and current trends will be presented. We will walk through key steps involved in creating robust Machine Learning (ML) models, including model training, validation, and deployment in an operational setting. In addition to presenting our technical approach, we will share valuable lessons learned, emphasizing the importance of infrastructure to support the continuous adaptation of models to evolving data and system behaviors. This talk will provide insights into the challenges and solutions involved in applying ML to real-world operational environments, with a particular focus on managing data drift and changes in accelerator setup while ensuring model resilience over time.
Paper: TUAI02
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUAI02
About: Received: 04 Sep 2025 — Revised: 09 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPCO04
Performance of the Beam Gas Curtain as emittance monitor at the Large Hadron Collider
346
The Beam Gas Curtain (BGC) is an instrument for transverse diagnostics in operation at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The transverse beam profile is obtained by imaging the fluorescence light resulting from the interaction between the beam and a thin supersonic neon gas jet. This technique can provide minimally invasive and absolute measurements of LHC high-intensity beams, throughout the full machine cycle. It is therefore a potential candidate to complement the limitations of existing LHC transverse diagnostic systems. This contribution highlights the results obtained during the ongoing LHC Run 3. The instrument configuration has been optimized for best performance by combining observations in two spectral ranges of the fluorescence signal: a yellow range, originating from the fluorescence of neutral neon atoms, and a UV range, emitted by ionic neon species. The measurements are consistent with those from other profile monitors within operational requirements and allow real-time tracking of the average beam emittance. Finally, an overview of planned upgrades is presented, aimed at further improving system performance and progressing towards a fully operational instrument.
Paper: TUPCO04
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPCO04
About: Received: 02 Sep 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPCO06
Study of pulsed jet operation for beam gas curtain monitors
354
A beam gas curtain (BGC) monitor was installed in the LHC for continuous transverse beam profile and emittance measurement. A molecular gas curtain was injected into the LHC continuously. In this work, a pulsed gas jet operation was proposed to minimize the introduction of gas molecules to the beam line and optimize the background pressure. The study was conducted on a gas curtain beam profile monitoring system using nitrogen gas. In this case, the pulse gas jet mechanism enables controlled gas injection into the multiple skimmer chamber to generate a supersonic pulse gas curtain. To achieve maximum current intensity and minimum chamber pressure, key parameters were optimized such as pulse duration or duty cycle, nozzle-skimmer distance, and inlet gas pressure. The results demonstrate a well-tuned pulse jet system can significantly reduce background and enhance the signal-to-noise ratio to monitor a pulse beam. The proposed study exhibits potential applications for beam diagnosis, especially for medical accelerators and laser based linear accelerators.
Paper: TUPCO06
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPCO06
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 07 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPCO11
Evaluating machine learning models for multimode-fiber-based transverse beam profile reconstruction
373
Transverse beam profile monitoring is essential for safe and efficient accelerator operation. In high-radiation environments such as beam dumps, cameras degrade rapidly. To address this, a single multimode fiber (MMF) transmission system was previously tested to transport scintillation light from a screen to a remote camera. Because multiple guided modes are excited and coupled during propagation, the fiber output does not preserve the image and requires reconstruction. This contribution evaluates seven machine-learning reconstruction models for recovering the original transverse beam distribution from MMF output. Using data from the MMF-relayed Chromox screen campaign at CERN’s CLEAR facility, the study compares models in terms of reconstruction error, convergence speed, and run-to-run stability, with particular attention to the use of incoherent light. The results indicate robust options for radiation-tolerant, MMF-based transverse diagnostics.
Paper: TUPCO11
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPCO11
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPCO16
IRRADIATION TESTS OF A DIGITAL RADIATION-TOLERANT CAMERA FOR CERN’S PARTICLE ACCELERATOR INSTRUMENTATION
391
Beam imaging systems are integral parts of beam instru- mentation at CERN, measuring the shape, size, and position of particle beams in accelerators. Following the worldwide phasing out of analog cameras and vidicon tubes (which the system was initially based on and still partially uses), part of the ongoing consolidation program involves developing a new camera system based on digital technology for use in CERN’s medium radiation environments up to few 100 Gy total dose. For this purpose, the CERN Beam Instrumentation group initiated the development of a digital camera system in col- laboration with MCSE*, a Swiss company specializing in space instrumentation. The new camera’s performance un- der radiation was evaluated at CERN’s CHARM test facility, with promising results in terms of radiation immunity while maintaining sufficient sensitivity and resolution—which will be the focus of this contribution. Following this prototyping phase, an industrial version is now in development and is expected to undergo testing in 2025.
Paper: TUPCO16
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPCO16
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPCO20
Design and implementation of Allison scanner at the KOMAC LEBT
403
This study presents the design, specifications, and experimental validation of the Allison scanner installed at the injector of the 100 MeV proton accelerator operated by the Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC). The Allison scanner was developed to enable precise characterization of the proton beam’s phase space at the injector stage. Detailed design parameters and operational principles of the system are described. Experimental measurements were conducted under various operating conditions to assess the performance and reliability of the scanner. Furthermore, the daily measurement data collected by the Allison scanner were analyzed to evaluate the long-term stability of the ion source.
Paper: TUPCO20
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPCO20
About: Received: 18 Aug 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPCO25
Direct X-Ray imaging for the new pinhole diagnostics at BESSY II
416
In order to improve our transverse diagnostic tools, two new pinhole beamlines will be designed. The pinhole arrays will be in air for easier maintenance: this will result in a significant loss of X-Ray photons when passing through the vacuum window. To overcome this issue, the option to directly illuminate a CCD/CMOS camera with X-Ray radiation without prior conversion into visible light is under study. Tests in the existing beamline both with a conventional CMOS camera and with a dedicated X-Ray camera are foreseen. This report describes our findings regarding the current status regarding the use of X-Ray cameras as a "high flux" diagnostic tool, as well as our preliminary experimental results.
Paper: TUPCO25
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPCO25
About: Received: 26 Aug 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPCO28
Implementation and Initial Operation of the Bunch-by-Bunch Feedback System at SOLARIS
424
The SOLARIS synchrotron light source has commissioned a transverse bunch-by-bunch feedback system designed to suppress coupled-bunch instabilities and serve as a diagnostic tool for accelerator studies. The system was successfully installed and integrated with the existing infrastructure, including timing and control systems. After a series of commissioning steps, it was brought into operation and tested under standard user conditions. Although routine instability suppression is not currently needed during regular operation, the system has been effectively used in dedicated machine studies. It enabled detailed observation of transverse bunch motion, instability spectra, and individual bunch tune measurements. The system also played a crucial role in advanced measurements such as LOCO experiments with selectively emptied buckets and tune shift studies under varying machine conditions. The bunch-by-bunch feedback system significantly enhances the diagnostic and research capabilities at SOLARIS and provides a solid foundation for potential future applications in active beam stabilization.
Paper: TUPCO28
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPCO28
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPCO29
Real-time embedded feedforward correction for SIRIUS undulators
428
SIRIUS, the Brazilian 4th generation synchrotron light source, has been in operation since 2020. Over time, insertion devices (IDs) are expected to populate its straight sections. To supress edge effects from undulators and support overall beam stability, a feedforward correction system is currently available through EPICS layer for the first installed ID. However, performance could be improved by adopting a lower-level solution with higher actuation rates and reduced jitter. To address this, a new approach has been developed using hardware technology already available: control system nodes based on BeagleBone Black platform, which integrates both embedded linux and dedicated real-time processors within the same SoC. This setup enables current setpoints updates at rates up to 1 kHz and aiming to be scalable. This paper presents an overview of the system's architecture and objectives, first results with IVU and VPU undulators as well as future developments and improvements.
Paper: TUPCO29
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPCO29
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 11 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPCO31
R&D of an ultrafast X-ray beam size monitor for SuperKEKB
435
SuperKEKB is a high luminosity electron-positron collider that aims to achieve an instantaneous luminosity ten times higher than the present world luminosity record by SuperKEKB itself. However, stable operation is hampered by a phenomenon known as Sudden Beam Loss (SBL), where beam instability occurs within tens of microseconds, resulting in significant beam loss and triggering a beam abort. It has been suggested that a fast increase in beam size may accompany SBL events. To study this rapidly evolving beam size instability and to gain deeper insights into SBL, we are developing a new bunch-by-bunch X-ray beam size monitor. It uses a silicon strip sensor to read the synchrotron radiation from the bending magnet and can record the transverse size of all bunches arriving at least 4 ns intervals. This presentation will detail the development of the X-ray beam size monitor and report on preliminary performance tests using laser light as a proxy for synchrotron radiation.
Paper: TUPCO31
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPCO31
About: Received: 01 Sep 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPMO03
Performance of Titanium, Tungsten, and Carbon as Beam Profile Monitor Materials
452
This paper investigates the signal characteristics of Titanium, Tungsten, and Carbon materials used in a secondary electron emission grid setup at CERN's North Area. Periodic scans were conducted to reconstruct beam profiles and assess the performance of these materials, configured as wires and bands, under slow-extracted 400 GeV protons. The study aims to inform the design and optimization of new secondary electron emission monitor systems for the NA consolidation project and future installations.
Paper: TUPMO03
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPMO03
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 15 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 25 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPMO06
Mechanical design and testing of a magnetically coupled motion system for LHC wire scanners
463
Linear wire scanners are essential instruments for beam profile measurements in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The current scanners installed in the machine have shown reliability and performance limitations in recent years. This work presents the development and validation of a bespoke motion system for the next-generation LHC wire scanners. The design replaces vacuum bellows with a planar magnetically coupled linear drive, coupled to a custom ceramic in-vacuum linear guide capable of high-velocity operation in ultra-high vacuum. A dedicated test rig has demonstrated the system’s positional accuracy, rigidity, and long-term durability, with over 80 000 cycles completed without degradation. This motion technology will be integrated into the first prototype scanner for impedance verification during the 2025 year end technical stop (YETS) and offers potential for wider application in demanding vacuum environments.
Paper: TUPMO06
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPMO06
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPMO13
Development of low density materials for beam intercepting instruments
491
Materials with a minimal interaction with particle beams are widely used in accelerators in interceptive instruments such as screens, secondary emission grids and wire scanners. Material damage limits are already exceeded in energy frontier and high brightness machines. A new generation of ‘low density’ materials with nano-structures are becoming available at scales of interest for use in beam instrumentation. Specifications are increasingly of use but still with fundamental issues that limit their application. This paper will demonstrate the potential for this class of materials for beam intercepting materials. It will outline the current limitations and ongoing research to overcome them both in the short and long-term.
Paper: TUPMO13
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPMO13
About: Received: 02 Sep 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPMO16
Upgraded beam profile monitoring using Chromox and fiber optic imaging for high-radiation environments
499
We present an upgraded beam monitoring system designed for use in high-radiation environments where conventional imaging solutions rapidly degrade. In the presented device the radiation-sensitive P47 phosphor screen of the previous system* is replaced with a radiation-hard Chromox ceramic scintillator and relocates the CMOS camera outside the irradiation zone by transmitting the optical signal through a 20-meter radiation-tolerant fiber optic bundle. To enhance operational flexibility, a pneumatic actuator enables remote insertion and retraction of the scintillating screen into the beam path. The radiation hardness of the Chromox ceramic and the fiber bundle was evaluated, and the optical system’s resolution and fidelity were characterized. The new setup demonstrated stable imaging performance under irradiation, addressing the frequent maintenance issues of the previous system. These improvements offer a robust and low-maintenance solution for beam profile monitoring in demanding accelerator environments.
Paper: TUPMO16
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPMO16
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 07 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPMO22
Low Density Wires for Beam Halo Monitoring
517
Beam Halo Monitoring (BHM) is essential for high-intensity accelerators like the HL-LHC. Carbon Nanotube (CNT) wires offer a promising alternative to traditional carbon fibre scanners due to their lower density, improved thermal properties, and reduced beam interaction. This work evaluates the performance of CNT wires in beam halo diagnostics, focusing on their energy and intensity range, durability, and operational feasibility. Preliminary results show that CNT wires provide better contrast and lower beam perturbation, with enhanced thermal stability under HL-LHC conditions. However, sudden temperature increases lead to significant shape deformation due to catalytic particles sublimating. We discuss challenges in manufacturing, post-processing, and limitations related to wire diameter and density. While CNT wires show strong potential for next-generation scanners, further studies are needed to optimise long-term performance.
Paper: TUPMO22
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPMO22
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 08 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPMO25
Initial implementation of a new orbit feedback system using MicroTCA.4 for the PF user operations
524
A new orbit feedback system has been introduced to the PF-ring, a synchrotron radiation source at KEK, starting from the third operation period of FY2024. The new system is built with state-of-the-art digital signal processing circuits based on the MicroTCA.4 standard. The stored beam’s closed orbit distortion (COD) is measured at a 10 kHz rate using the circuits matched to the number of BPMs, and corrected to a designated reference orbit by feeding back the results of matrix calculations using the inverse response matrix to the currents of fast steering magnets. The transition from the legacy VME-based system, which had been in service for nearly 30 years, was carried out carefully and stepwise during the startup phase of the third operation period. The reference orbit was successfully transferred to the new system, and even in-vacuum undulators with a minimum gap of 4 mm were operated without requiring additional orbit corrections. In this presentation, we will describe the setup of the newly implemented system, the transition process from the old system, and plans for future improvements.
Paper: TUPMO25
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPMO25
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 04 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 04 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPMO27
Model-based optimal control design for the orbit feedback system at the Siam Photon Source
532
A model-based optimal control approach has been developed for the slow orbit feedback (SOFB) system to enhance orbit stability in the Siam Photon Source (SPS) storage ring. The control strategy utilizes a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) based on a multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) state-space model of the linear SPS storage ring, derived through system identification using MATLAB and SIMULINK. The necessary and sufficient conditions for controllability and boundedness of the dynamic system are established. Experimental simulations were conducted to assess the performance of the LQR controller in a practical SPS storage ring. The results demonstrate that the proposed control method effectively minimizes the quadratic cost function and error signals between setpoints and process variables for both horizontal and vertical orbit positions while ensuring system stability and robustness. The study also outlines the fundamental principles of optimal control theory, system identification, and future development directions.
Paper: TUPMO27
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPMO27
About: Received: 21 Aug 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 05 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPMO28
Overview and status of beam diagnostics for the injector linac of the Siam Photon Source
536
The Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI) operates the SPS-I facility located in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, which provides synchrotron light for various scientific and industrial applications. The linac injector, serving as the primary injector, is responsible for electron beam bunching and acceleration to 40 MeV, after which the beam is transported to the booster ring via the Low-Energy Beam Transport line (LBT). To ensure optimal beam quality and efficient transport, various beam instrumentation devices are installed along the linac injector and LBT for diagnostics and monitoring. This contribution presents an overview of the beam instrumentation used to measure beam current, transverse profiles, and energy profiles, serving as a fundamental reference for future beam optimization and performance improvements of the SPS-I linac injector system.
Paper: TUPMO28
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPMO28
About: Received: 29 Aug 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPMO32
Wide range low cost digital RF phase shifter
546
Shifting RF phases is a common task in particular at particle accelerators. Which RF frequencies need to be shifted is highly facility dependent, which demands a wide range phase shifter. The phase shifter presented in this contribution consists of a custom board, that includes a high-performance quadrature modulator, voltage regulators and an 16-bit digital-to-analogue converter that offers an I2C interface. The quadrature modulator is specified to work in the frequency range between 50 MHz and a 6 GHz. The board is combined with commercial off-the-shelf products to provide a software interface and a RF tight compact housing. We present amplitude and phase noise measurements and amplitude stability measurements. At the ELBE Center for High-Power Radiation Sources we use the phase shifter to shift the phase of the superconducting RF gun laser with respect to the accelerator cavity RF field. This allows to implement a feedback loop that stabilizes the THz output power of the THz undulator source at ELBE. In order to achieve this, the beam position is monitored in an energy dispersive beam line section and the gun laser phase is used to keep it constant.
Paper: TUPMO32
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPMO32
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPMO39
Nanostructured targets for advanced beam diagnostics
562
Transverse beam diagnostics with standard imaging techniques represent a challenge for next-generation accelerators and colliders due to the extremely small beam sizes, and X-ray interferometry offers an interesting method to overcome this challenge. In this regard, the X-ray Heterodyne Near Field Speckles (X-HNFS) technique has successfully been used to resolve few-micrometer beam sizes and at the same time attain a full 2D beam reconstruction. The method relies on diffracting the emitted X-ray radiation off a water suspension of spherical nanoparticles, which however pose several limitations for the full exploitation of the technique during normal operations. In this contribution we report on recent advances in the development of solid targets based on nanostructured materials with characteristics compatible with accelerator requirements. We present preliminary numerical and experimental results on the target design, prototyping and testing. Emphasis is given to the application as a transverse beam size monitor in the framework of the Feasibility Study of the Future Circular Collider (FCC) at CERN.
Paper: TUPMO39
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPMO39
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 07 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
TUPMO42
Results from the new titanium wired harp at the Spallation Neutron Source
574
AA new harp has been installed in the Ring To Target Beam line (RTBT) section of Spallation Neutron Source. The harp is made of two planes with 32 titanium 50 micron wide wires each plane. The narrow, low-Z wires versus the 100-micron tungsten wires of the original harp, are to minimize the beam scattering. This harp will be both a backup and a complement to the existing harp further downstream. The newly created data-acquisition system is also suitable to replace the existing’s harp data-acquisition system, now over 20 years old. We show the use of a cRIO platform as a cost-effective way to process many channels and sample the beam profile at the full 60 Hz beam repetition rate. We also describe the performance of the titanium wires. A passive analog board is used to lengthen the signals to allow sampling at <= 10kS/s/ch. The data is acquired by the FPGA, passed on to the real-time OS, LabVIEW RT, and through the SNS EPICS Channel Access server presented to the control room.
Paper: TUPMO42
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-TUPMO42
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 10 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEBC01
BLM signal thresholds for ion operation during the LHC Run 3
587
In 2024, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) delivered Pb-Pb ion collisions at a beam energy of 6.8 Z TeV with a stored beam energy of more than 20 MJ. In order to clean beam halo particles and avoid quenching the LHC superconducting magnets, the novel crystal collimation method employing 4 mm-long crystals was introduced for ion operation in the LHC Run 3. The LHC Beam Loss Monitoring (BLM) system triggers the beam dump in case the measured losses are above certain predetermined thresholds. Important adjustments were needed in order to optimize these thresholds in accordance with the peculiar loss pattern produced by crystal collimation. This contribution explains the newly observed beam loss patterns during Pb ion operation with crystal collimation in place, as well as the study that was carried out to update the BLM thresholds for Pb ion operation in the LHC Run 3.
Paper: WEBC01
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEBC01
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 09 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEDC02
Sub-micron ultra thin SiC free standing membranes for soft X-rays beam monitoring
604
Conventional X-ray beam monitors, such as gold meshes and conductive diamond films, often suffer from significant drawbacks, as diffraction effects, non-uniform transparency, low signal levels, and poor spatial resolution, particularly when applied to soft and tender X-ray beams. To address these limitations, we explore the use of ultra-thin (<2 µm) free-standing Silicon Carbide (SiC), developed by SenSiC GmbH, membranes as in-line, minimally invasive beam position monitors*. These devices offer high lateral resolution and minimal beam perturbation, making them particularly suitable for synchrotron radiation applications. Preliminary beam tests were conducted at the NanoMAX beamline (MAX IV) using highly focused (<1 µm FWHM) soft X-ray beams. SiC devices with 4-quadrant layouts demonstrated clear beam detection capability, though limitations emerged at the quadrant interfaces due to charge collection losses and charge multiplication under high electric fields. These effects were further investigated using Sentaurus TCAD simulations, which highlighted the potential for optimized sensor geometries to mitigate such issues. Results from a related SiC membrane intensity monitor, tested at the PTB four-crystal monochromator beamline at BESSY II demonstrated compatibility with tender and hard X-rays**. This device features a 3 mm diameter membrane consisting of a 0.3 µm p⁺ layer, 1.5 µm n⁻ active region, and a 370 µm n⁺ substrate, with Al contacts. Transmission tests in the 1.75 - 10 keV range confirmed excellent transparency (up to 97.55%) and uniform photocurrent response under 8 keV raster scans. The measured photocurrent at zero bias was 0.586 nA with 86% charge collection efficiency. Together, these results highlight the promising role of sub-2 µm SiC membranes for high-precision, in-line monitoring of X-ray beams across a wide spectral range, with ongoing developments targeting even thinner devices for optimized performance in soft X-ray applications.
Paper: WEDC02
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEDC02
About: Received: 02 Sep 2025 — Revised: 10 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 11 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEPCO06
Performance analysis of the RF analog frontend for Diamond–II electron beam position monitors
627
Diamond-II is a major upgrade to the current synchrotron facility, Diamond Light Source. The low emittance electron beam requires more stable, low drift beam position mon- itor electronics which are also essential for the Fast Orbit Feedback system. This paper presents simulated results of the analog frontend for the electron beam position monitors. This work aims to deliver an analog frontend with stable gain and high linearity that meets the dynamic range and noise figure requirements effectively to capture beam positions for single and multi-bunch operation. Performance evaluations have been conducted using the SystemVue simulation suite.
Paper: WEPCO06
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEPCO06
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 04 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEPCO25
SOLEIL II BPMs development progress
676
SOLEIL II is the low emittance upgrade project for Synchrotron SOLEIL, targeting an emittance of ~80 pm.rad. The new lattice includes 196 Beam Position Monitors (BPM) distributed in 3 different types depending on the vacuum chamber diameter. To ensure consistent signal levels across varying pipe diameters, two button sizes were selected: 6 mm diameter for 16 mm beam pipes, and 7 mm diameter for the 20 mm and 24 mm sections. To optimize the BPM impedance, button shape is conical. Electromagnetic and thermal simulations have been conducted to validate the proposed designs. In parallel, prototypes have been installed and tested on the existing machine to confirm the simulation results and validate the design. This paper summarizes the simulation outcomes, and the test results obtained on the current machine.
Paper: WEPCO25
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEPCO25
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 09 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEPCO32
Upgrade of beam position diagnostics System at FELiChEM
697
The FELiChEM is a user facility dedicated for energy chemistry research, developed at University of Science and Technology of China in Hefei. The beam position diagnostics system at FELiChEM are upgraded recently. The facility operates with a special mode: macropulses at 1 Hz repetition rate with microsecond duration, each containing micropluses at 59.5 MHz repetition rate. The key advancement of beam position monitor (BPM) system lies in the upgraded which now achieves micropluse-level resolution. This enhancement enables real-time measurement of transverse position deviations for individual micropluses, providing essential diagnostics for investigating intra-macropulse instabilities. Post-upgrade characterization demonstrates a transverse position resolution better than 20 μm, satisfying design specifications. The upgraded BPM system has been successfully integrated into routine beam tuning operations.
Paper: WEPCO32
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEPCO32
About: Received: 02 Sep 2025 — Revised: 07 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEPCO37
Study of beam position monitors for PERLE
700
PERLE is an Energy-Recovery Linac (ERL) to be constructed at IJCLab in Orsay. It will be the First multi-turn ERL with superconducting RF (SRF) with the ambition to reach 10MW beam operation (20mA beam current and 500MeV beam energy) Diagnostics are a key element for PERLE operation and among diagnostics, the salient feature for Beam position monitors (BPMs) is the presence of multiple beams which need to be individually diagnosed and controlled. This document describes the design and the operation of PERLE BPMs with particular attention given to how these BPMs will handle multiple beams during commissioning and under normal operation of PERLE
Paper: WEPCO37
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEPCO37
About: Received: 28 Aug 2025 — Revised: 07 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEPCO39
Development of bunch selector modules for double bunch operation in PAL-XFEL BPM systems
704
PAL-XFEL plans to begin double-bunch operation in 2027, with two electron bunches separated by 25 ns. The existing beam position monitor (BPM) electronics were designed for single-bunch operation, so the two signals overlap and bias the position measurement. To support this mode without modifying the electronics, we developed an external radio-frequency (RF) switch-based bunch selector that routes only the selected bunch to the BPM input. We built a prototype and conducted laboratory and on-site tests. This paper presents the hardware and experimental results.
Paper: WEPCO39
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEPCO39
About: Received: 02 Sep 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEPMO06
Geometrical studies for the arc beam position monitors FCC-ee
726
The electron-positron Future Circular Collider (FCC-ee) has challenging requirements for beam instrumentation, including the need for thousands of high-resolution beam position monitors (BPMs) presenting low impedance to the circulating beam. This paper details the requirements for the FCC-ee arc BPMs and investigates button-type pickups with various geometries through electromagnetic simulations using FCC-ee design parameters. The simulation results are used to estimate key BPM characteristics, including impedance and heating.
Paper: WEPMO06
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEPMO06
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 09 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEPMO08
Development of BPM electronics for TRIUMF’s BL4N
733
The BL4N beamline at TRIUMF, currently under development, will transport proton beam from the 500 MeV cyclotron to an ISOL target station. The peak beam current will be varied from 1 to 100 microamps, and the beam position must be measured over a 10mm range. The beam position is measured using inductive pick-ups and a new narrowband frontend. The electronics consist of a crossbar-switched front-end, FPGA-based down-conversion and position calculation, and an SoC module for nonlinear corrections and device readout. This report presents the design and testing of the BPM electronics, including benchtop validation and beam test results. Measurements of position sensitivity, beam current dependence, and non-linearity are included.
Paper: WEPMO08
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEPMO08
About: Received: 02 Sep 2025 — Revised: 05 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEPMO09
Online position conversion factor calibration study for BPM system
736
Transverse beam position is one of the most critical parameters in accelerator commission and operation. As non-invasive diagnostic devices, beam position monitors (BPMs) are the main “workhorse” in accelerators, providing beam center of mass position information. The position conversion factor (K-factor) of BPM systems constitutes a fundamental determinate of measurement accuracy. While precision calibration traditionally relies on moveable calibrate platforms, the prohibitive cost of equipping each BPM with a dedicated two-dimensional calibration platform remains a widespread practical constraint. In this paper, an innovative online calibration method that synergizes machine learning with beam response matrix analysis to achieve per-BPM K-factor determination is introduced. The preliminary beam experiments have been carried out at Shanghai Soft X-ray Free-Electron Laser (SXFEL) facility. The proposed method offers a robust and resource-efficient calibration solution, particularly advantageous for cavity BPM systems where conventional approaches such as theoretical calculation and offline wire scanning, fail to provide reliable results.
Paper: WEPMO09
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEPMO09
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 10 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEPMO15
Timing system at the Canadian Light Source
749
The Canadian Light Source (CLS) is a third generation 2.9 GeV synchrotron comprised of a 250 MeV LINAC, a full energy booster, and a storage ring with 13 insertion devices and 22 operational beamlines ranging from infrared light to hard X-rays. The Timing System supplies the triggers required to synchronize operation of all components responsible for injecting current into the storage ring. Signals from the Timing System can also be used to synchronize data acquisition on beamlines. The Trigger Generator Unit (TGU), which was designed by the CLS, is the centerpiece of the timing electronics. The TGU is driven by the 500 MHz master oscillator and is controlled using digital I/O. The trigger signals are distributed via a fiber optic system, which was also designed in house. The Timing System has been in operation since 2001 and has proven itself to be stable and robust. This paper provides a detailed overview of the system and its history and operational performance.
Paper: WEPMO15
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEPMO15
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 04 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEPMO24
OPTIMIZATION OF PHOTOEMISSION BLADE X-RAY BEAM POSITION MONITOR FOR WIDE RANGE OF UNDULATOR GAP OPERATION
781
Optimization of the photoemission blade type XBPM mostly performed to increase its resolution by increasing the readout signal current and by optimizing blades geometry. This requires tailoring of the XBPM for a particular undulator, making almost every XBPM unique at the Synchrotron Radiation facility. In many cases the calibration coefficient is gap dependent. To overcome those drawbacks an alternative optimization strategy is considered which will help to minimize gap dependence and could provide a unified XBPM design for all XBPM at Synchrotron Radiation (SR) facility.
Paper: WEPMO24
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEPMO24
About: Received: 02 Sep 2025 — Revised: 15 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 25 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEPMO29
Application of phase detectors at the Taiwan Photon Source
799
A phase detection system has been implemented at the Taiwan Photon Source, employing beam position monitor (BPM) electronics integrated with a digital inphase/quadrature (I/Q) demodulation scheme. This system enables high-resolution analysis of beam phase stability, RF cavity field phase, and synchronization integrity of the RF clock distribution. It also facilitates the investigation of beam phase variations under dynamic operational conditions, including changes in insertion device gaps and booster ramping cycles. This paper presents the operational principles, implementation architecture, and representative experimental results of the developed detector system.
Paper: WEPMO29
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEPMO29
About: Received: 28 Jul 2025 — Revised: 07 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 10 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
WEPMO37
Preliminary radiation hardness characterization of ultra-broadband direct THz detectors based on Schottky diodes and GaAs TeraFETs
825
Many currently operating and future FELs can generate radiation at megahertz repetition rates, requiring an ultra-broadband, compact, robust & fast (response time at least on a single-digit nanosecond scale) diagnostic tool. We develop ultrafast-operating terahertz detectors based on Schottky diodes and GaAs field-effect transistors (TeraFETs) that operate at room temperature. Here, we present the preliminary radiation hardness characterization of these detectors. Promising results demonstrate the ability of these detectors to be commissioned at accelerator facilities for longitudinal beam diagnostics.
Paper: WEPMO37
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-WEPMO37
About: Received: 03 Sep 2025 — Revised: 06 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 09 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026
THBC01
High-performance bunch arrival time monitors with fs precision at DESY
832
Pump-probe experiments at Free-Electron Laser facilities depend heavily on the relative timing precision of the pump and the probe, which determines the resolution of the observed ultrafast phenomena. The DESY's Bunch Arrival Time Monitors (BAM) are state-of-the-art sensors based on an electro-optical detection principle, that delivers information on the bunch timing with unprecedented femtosecond-level precision. Timing synchronization at machine level is achieved through a complex system of arrival time sensors, stabilized optical distribution, and feedback controls. Major advances in the performance, construction, and operation of the BAMs are discussed in detail. Integration of the sensor into the synchronization system, and important global optimization and interplay are mentioned as well. These improvements enabled a synchronization of the electron beam with a world-leading precision of less than 3fs at European XFEL.
Paper: THBC01
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2025-THBC01
About: Received: 02 Sep 2025 — Revised: 06 Sep 2025 — Accepted: 08 Sep 2025 — Issue date: 20 Jan 2026