<xml>
  <records>
    <record>
       <contributors>
          <authors>
             <author>Lipka, D.</author>
             <author>Lorbeer, B.</author>
          </authors>
       </contributors>
       <titles>
          <title>
             Pile-Up Effect of Cold Button BPMs in the European XFEL Accelerator
          </title>
       </titles>
		 <publisher>JACoW Publishing</publisher>
       <pub-location>Geneva, Switzerland</pub-location>
		 <isbn>2673-5350</isbn>
		 <isbn>978-3-95450-204-2</isbn>
		 <electronic-resource-num>10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEAO02</electronic-resource-num>
		 <language>English</language>
		 <pages>453-456</pages>
       <pages>WEAO02</pages>
       <keywords>
          <keyword>resonance</keyword>
          <keyword>cavity</keyword>
          <keyword>FEL</keyword>
          <keyword>electron</keyword>
          <keyword>electronics</keyword>
       </keywords>
       <work-type>Contribution to a conference proceedings</work-type>
       <dates>
          <year>2019</year>
          <pub-dates>
             <date>2019-11</date>
          </pub-dates>
       </dates>
       <urls>
          <related-urls>
              <url>https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEAO02</url>
              <url>http://jacow.org/ibic2019/papers/weao02.pdf</url>
          </related-urls>
       </urls>
       <abstract>
          The European XFEL facility is in operation with a maximum of 2700 bunches in one train. The highest bunch repetition rate is 4.5 MHz; this corresponds to a minimum time separation of 222 ns. The measurement of the beam properties for each bunch in a train is required. Therefore the beam position monitor (BPM) system needs to separate the signals from each bunch. All BPM types (button, re-entrant and cavity) fulfill this requirement except a few button BPMs installed inside of the cold accelerator module, where Pile-Up from the train can be observed. To identify the cause of this effect we measured the S-parameters during a shutdown of the accelerator, compared it with a similar BPM at the FLASH accelerator but located in a warm section and finally measured the spectrum of the button signal during beam operation. As a result, resonances were found at about 2.46 GHz with relatively high quality factor that remains within the frequency range accepted by the electronics.
       </abstract>
    </record>
  </records>
</xml>
