<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xml>
  <records>
    <record>
       <contributors>
          <authors>
             <author>Song, Q.Q.</author>
             <author>Cai, H.R.</author>
             <author>Guo, Q.K.</author>
             <author>He, A.L.</author>
             <author>Jiang, T.Y.</author>
             <author>Wang, Y.</author>
             <author>Yin, Z.G.</author>
             <author>Zhang, T.J.</author>
             <author>Zhao, B.H.</author>
          </authors>
       </contributors>
       <titles>
          <title>
             A Real-Time Controller for Rapid Energy Degrading of the CYCIAE-230 Cyclotron Beam Production System
          </title>
       </titles>
       <publisher>JACoW Publishing</publisher>
       <pub-location>Geneva, Switzerland</pub-location>
		 <isbn>2673-5482</isbn>
		 <isbn>978-3-95450-212-7</isbn>
		 <electronic-resource-num>10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOPO001</electronic-resource-num>
		 <language>English</language>
		 <pages>47-50</pages>
       <keywords>
          <keyword>controls</keyword>
          <keyword>real-time</keyword>
          <keyword>proton</keyword>
          <keyword>software</keyword>
          <keyword>hardware</keyword>
       </keywords>
       <work-type>Contribution to a conference proceedings</work-type>
       <dates>
          <year>2023</year>
          <pub-dates>
             <date>2023-10</date>
          </pub-dates>
       </dates>
       <urls>
          <related-urls>
              <url>https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOPO001</url>
              <url>https://jacow.org/cyclotrons2022/papers/mopo001.pdf</url>
          </related-urls>
       </urls>
       <abstract>
          The energy selection system (ESS) plays an important role in a proton therapy system. Usually, it consists of an energy degrader, a set of achromatic bending magnets, an envelope collimator, and a momentum-selecting slit. In CIAE, a dedicated beam transportation line, including these essential elements, for the CYCIAE-230 superconducting cyclotron has been designed and manufactured for study purposes. To reduce the layer switching time, e.g. typically within 50 milliseconds, this ESS system takes advantage of VME-based real-time controller design. On one side, this controller uses S-curve to direct drive the step motors of various actuators, this is done by an off-the-shelf embedded controller. On the other hand, it uses Data Distribution Service (DDS) communication protocol to tap into the nozzle control system network directly. In such a manner, the energy requirement can be efficiently handled and the controller is also responsible for the current regulation of the 46 magnets. The design of this high-efficiency controller will be reported in this paper, both from hardware and software aspects. Preliminary test results will also be evaluated and analyzed to direct further improvement of the system.
       </abstract>
    </record>
  </records>
</xml>
