• B. Erdelyi
  Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois

When faced with the challenge of the design optimization of a charged particle beam system involving beam-material interactions, a framework is needed that seamlessly integrate the following tasks: 1) high order accurate and efficient beam optics, 2) a suite of codes that model the atomic and nuclear interactions between the beam and matter, and 3) the option to run many different optimization strategies at the code language level with a variety of user-defined objectives. To this end, we developed a framework in COSY Infinity with these characteristics and which can be run in two modes: map mode and a hybrid map-Monte Carlo mode. The code, its applications to the FRIB, and plans involving large-scale computing will be presented.

• B. Erdelyi
  Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois
• S.L. Manikonda
  ANL, Argonne

Most charged particle beams under realistic conditions have Gaussian density distributions in phase space, or can be easily made so. However, for several practical applications, beams with uniform distributions in physical space are advantageous or even required. Liouville’s theorem and the symplectic nature of beam’s dynamic evolution pose constraints on the feasible transformational properties of the density distribution functions. Differential Algebraic methods offer an elegant way to investigate the underlying freedom involving these beam manipulations. Here, we explore the theory, necessary and sufficient conditions, and practicality of the uniformization of Gaussian beams from a rather generic point of view.

• L.L. Bandura
  ANL, Argonne
• B. Erdelyi
  Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois

While COSY INFINITY provides powerful DA methods for the simulation of fragment separator beam dynamics, the master version of COSY does not currently take into account beam-material interactions. These interactions are key for accurately simulating the dynamics from heavy ion fragmentation and fission. In order to model the interaction with materials such as the target or absorber, much code development was needed. There were four auxiliary codes implemented in COSY for the simulation of beam-material interactions. These include EPAX for returning the cross sections of isotopes produced by fragmentation and MCNPX for the cross sections of isotopes produced by the fission and fragmentation of a 238U beam. ATIMA is implemented to calculate energy loss and energy and angular straggling. GLOBAL returns the charge state. The extended version can be run in map mode or hybrid map-Monte Carlo mode, providing an integrated beam dynamics-nuclear processes design optimization and simulation framework that is efficient and accurate. The code, its applications, and plans for large-scale computational runs for optimization of separation purity of rare isotopes at FRIB will be presented.

• E.W. Nissen, B. Erdelyi
  Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois

This research involves the development of a model of the small circumference (11.5 m) accelerator in which the earth’s field has a strong effect, and in which image charge forces are also included. The code used for this simulation was COSY Infinity 9.0 which uses differential algebras to determine high order map elements, as well as quantities such as chromaticity. COSY also uses Normal Form algorithms to determine the betatron tune and any amplitude dependent tune shifts which may result. The power of COSY is that it can derive the required quantities directly form the map without costly integration and tracking. Thus determining the map for both the default elements of the ring, plus the effects of image charge forces, and the earth’s magnetic field is both non-trivial, and important. This research uses the Baker Campbell Hausdorf method to determine the map of the ring with the external fields included. Furthermore COSY has the ability to directly implement misalignments within the beamline itself allowing for a study of their effects on beam dynamics. The presentation will include both coding development and applications to the University of Maryland Electron Ring.