<xml>
  <records>
    <record>
       <contributors>
          <authors>
             <author>Marks, H. S.</author>
             <author>Borodin, D.</author>
             <author>Damti, A.</author>
             <author>Einat, M.</author>
             <author>Friedman, A.</author>
             <author>Gover, A.</author>
             <author>Kanter, M.</author>
             <author>Kleinman, H.</author>
             <author>Lasser, Y.</author>
             <author>Lurie, Yu.</author>
             <author>Vashdi, Y.</author>
             <author>Yahalom, A.</author>
          </authors>
       </contributors>
       <titles>
          <title>
             Saturation Dynamics, Fine Spectrum, and Chirp Control in a CW FEL Oscillator
          </title>
       </titles>
       <pages>WEB04</pages>
       <keywords>
          <keyword>FEL</keyword>
          <keyword>laser</keyword>
          <keyword>electron</keyword>
          <keyword>coupling</keyword>
          <keyword>operation</keyword>
       </keywords>
       <dates>
          <year>2015</year>
          <pub-dates>
             <date>2015-12</date>
          </pub-dates>
       </dates>
       <abstract>
          As in conventional laser physics, the saturation dynamics of a long-pulse Electrostatic Accelerator FEL (EA-FEL) oscillator consists of oscillations build-up, resonator modes competition, and establishment of narrow linewidth single mode lasing. In EA-FEL the gain curve drifts to lower frequencies during the long laser pulse due to inevitable droop in the acceleration voltage. This post-saturation drift renders fine chirp of the single mode laser frequency due to the oscillator frequency pulling effect. We have integrated a voltage-ramping element into the electrostatic accelerator terminal that makes it possible to control the acceleration voltage throughout the lasing pulse. This allows us to keep the voltage constant throughout the e-beam pulse, and so increase the single mode lasing time, avoiding mode-hopping during the pulse due to the drift of the gain curve. Furthermore, by adjusting the voltage ramp rate and polarity we obtained controllable positive/negative laser frequency chirp that can be used in a single pulse sweep for fine spectral line (10⁻⁶) gas-spectroscopy. The study was conducted on the Israeli EA-FEL that operates at tunable frequencies between 95-110 GHz.
       </abstract>
    </record>
  </records>
</xml>
